The present disclosure provides systems and methods for in-line thermal flattening and enameling of steel sheets. The systems and methods include an in-line thermal flattening of a feed stock steel sheet and a subsequent enamel coating of the steel sheet. The resulting enamel coated steel sheet has improved flatness compared with other coated steel sheets that are enamel coated but do not undergo the in-line thermal flattening. The systems and methods allow the use of less expensive source materials without sacrificing quality in the finished enameled product.

An airfoil surface includes a first titanium portion, a second titanium portion, an aluminum alloy braze disposed there between, and a titanium coating covering the aluminum alloy braze, at least part of the first titanium portion and at least part of the second titanium portion.

Methods for preparing an environmental barrier coating and the resulting coating are provided. The methods and products include the incorporation of a continuous ceramic inner layer and a segmented ceramic outer layer on a CMC component. The segmented ceramic outer layer may be formed by thermal spray techniques. The coating is more stable at higher temperatures and provides for a longer lifetime of the coated component.

A metal substrate (71) is coated with an enamel or other coating material (72) by irradiating the coating material (72) and substrate (71) with electromagnetic radiation to melt an underlying surface of the metal substrate (71) before melting the coating material (72) to create, after cooling, a fusion bond between the solidified substrate and coating material, whereby the fusion bonded interface (73) has an intermeshing irregular tongue and groove like microstructure profile shown in FIG. 7. The electromagnetic radiation may be unfocussed, circulinear or focussed at a point located within the metal substrate (71) to first melt the substrate (71).

Provided are an enamel coating method and apparatus. The enamel coating method includes (a) preprocessing a surface of the metal tube by feeding the metal tube into a preprocessing chamber by an in-feed conveyor; (b) coating the surface of the metal tube with an enamel glaze supplied from an enamel glaze supply nozzle provided inside a coating chamber by feeding the preprocessed metal tube into the coating chamber; and (c) firing the coated metal tube by feeding the coated metal tube into a firing chamber, wherein the (b) coating includes spraying air toward the metal tube by an air spray nozzle provided inside the coating chamber.

A coating for reducing interaction between a surface and the environment around the surface includes an alkali silicate glass material configured to protect the surface from environmental corrosion due to water or moisture. The alkali silicate glass material is doped with a first element to affect various forms of radiation passing through the coating. The electromagnetic radiation is at least one of ultraviolet, x-ray, atomic (gamma, alpha, beta), and electromagnetic or radio wave radiation. The coating may also be used to protect a solar cell from the environment and UV rays while retransmitting received light as usable light for conversion into electrical energy. The coating may also be used to prevent whisker formation in metal finishes of tin, cadmium, zinc, etc.

A structure includes a surface coat layer of which the thickness on a bump such as a weld bead and a weld spatter or an edge portion, possibly formed on the surface of a base, is not greatly different from the thickness on a flat portion. The structure therefore has excellent properties including heat insulation properties and electrical insulation properties. The structure includes a base that is made of a metal, and has a flat portion and at least one of a bump and an edge portion on a surface; and a surface coat layer that is formed from an amorphous inorganic material and particles of a crystalline inorganic material, and covers the surface of the base, the surface coat layer including a first coat portion covering the flat portion and a second coat portion covering the at least one of a bump and an edge portion.

Induction heating facilitated coating systems and processes for pipes overcome corrosion and erosion of the pipes at extreme temperatures and pressures in applications including oil and gas downhole tubulars and pipelines as well as processing facilities. Being based on vitreous fused inorganic compounds, the present invention achieves very high corrosion resistance at remarkably modest cost. Attractive economics and immunity to chlorides and moisture permeation at extreme concentrations and temperatures also make it well suited to desalination plants and potable water piping applications. Due to its extreme temperature resistance, it also is very well suited for geothermal wells. Additionally, due to its characteristic smooth durable surface, the present invention is ideally suited for applications involving the opposite of corrosion, namely scaling problems, such as fouling in sewage systems and scale buildup in heavy oil wells.

A method for producing a sensor element for a potentiometric sensor includes conditioning at least one region of a substrate, which consists of copper or a copper-based alloy having a mass fraction of at least 60% of copper, for producing an oxide layer comprising monovalent copper (Cu(I)), and applying an ion-selective, in particular a pH-selective enamel layer at least onto the region of the substrate.

A method of applying a polymer coating material to a wire using a coating apparatus and/or a control system. The method may include receiving coating material input to the coating apparatus at a first end of an elongate injection channel of the coating apparatus and supplying the received coating material to a coating chamber that is arranged at a second end of the injection channel. The method may include feeding wire through the coating chamber of the coating apparatus so as to apply the coating material to the wire in the coating chamber through the movement of the wire through the coating chamber.