Glycine is an organic compound that can be used in the making of a synthetic acid that obviates all the drawbacks of strong acids such as hydrochloric acid. The new compound is made by dissolving glycine in water, in a weight ratio of approximately 1:1 to 1:1.5. The solution is mixed until the glycine is essentially fully dissolved in the water. Once dissolution is complete, hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in the solution to produce the new compound, which can be referred to as hydrogen glycine. Also disclosed is a method for adjusting the pH of a fluid, the method comprising adding an effective amount of a solution to the fluid for adjusting the pH thereof to a desired level, wherein the solution is prepared by mixing glycine in water to form a glycine solution; and adding hydrogen chloride to the glycine solution.

Provided are a method for removing scale and a scale remover that can efficiently remove scale deposited inside a boiler can or the like in an addition amount of chemicals permissible in terms of cost without corroding a boiler, particularly can efficiently remove scale deposited inside a boiler can even in a facility operated with feed water containing high-concentration iron. A method for removing scale deposited in a system of a steam generating facility, wherein polyacrylic acid having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 20,000 and 170,000 or less and/or a salt thereof is added to feed water of the steam generating facility. When the feed water contains iron, polymethacrylic acid having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 1,000 and 100,000 or less and/or a salt thereof is further added in combination.

Provided are a method for removing scale and a scale remover that can efficiently remove scale deposited inside a boiler can or the like in an addition amount of chemicals permissible in terms of cost without corroding a boiler, particularly can efficiently remove scale deposited inside a boiler can even in a facility operated with feed water containing high-concentration iron. A method for removing scale deposited in a system of a steam generating facility, wherein polyacrylic acid having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 20,000 and 170,000 or less and/or a salt thereof is added to feed water of the steam generating facility. When the feed water contains iron, polymethacrylic acid having a weight-average molecular weight of more than 1,000 and 100,000 or less and/or a salt thereof is further added in combination.

Glycine is an organic compound that can be used in the making of a synthetic acid that obviates all the drawbacks of strong acids such as hydrochloric acid. The new compound is made by dissolving glycine in water, in a weight ratio of approximately 1:1 to 1:1.5. The solution is mixed until the glycine is essentially fully dissolved in the water. Once dissolution is complete, hydrogen chloride gas is dissolved in the solution to produce the new compound, which can be referred to as hydrogen glycine. Also disclosed is a method for adjusting the pH of a fluid, the method comprising adding an effective amount of a solution to the fluid for adjusting the pH thereof to a desired level, wherein the solution is prepared by mixing glycine in water to form a glycine solution; and adding hydrogen chloride to the glycine solution.

An aqueous modified acid composition for use in oil industry activities, said composition comprising: an amino acid, an alkanolamine and strong acid wherein the mineral acid:alkanolamine/amino acid are present in a molar ratio of not more than 15:1, preferably not more than 10:1; it can also further comprise a metal iodide or iodate. Said composition demonstrates advantages over known conventional acids and modified acids.

Disclosed herein are methods for reducing fouling caused by process water present within a water recycling loop of a pyrolysis plant. Fouling is caused by phase separation and accumulation of materials from the process water on equipment surfaces. The method includes applying a total of about 5 ppm to 500 ppm total of a first polymerization inhibitor and second polymerization inhibitor to the process water to form a treated process water, wherein the first polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 0.0001 to 9 and the second polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 1000 to 50,000.

Disclosed herein are methods for reducing fouling caused by process water present within a water recycling loop of a pyrolysis plant. Fouling is caused by phase separation and accumulation of materials from the process water on equipment surfaces. The method includes applying a total of about 5 ppm to 500 ppm total of a first polymerization inhibitor and second polymerization inhibitor to the process water to form a treated process water, wherein the first polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 0.0001 to 9 and the second polymerization inhibitor has a pygas-water partition coefficient of about 1000 to 50,000.

Inhibitors and methods for reducing or inhibiting corrosion and/or scale of metals in aqueous systems are provided. Inhibitor compositions may include a polymer and hydrophosphorylated polycarboxylic acids, such as 1-(hydroxyhydrophosphoryl)butane-1,2,3,4-tetracarboxylic acid. The compositions may include other components, such as zinc, molybdate, silicate, cerium, among others. The disclosed hydrophosphorylated polycarboxylic acids are stable in the presence of biocides.

The present invention relates to aqueous oil-in-water emulsion containing:

a) an oil phase comprising at least one organic amine of the formula (I)

R.sup.1(NHR.sup.2).sub.nNH.sub.2 (I) wherein n is an integer from 0 to 7, in particular 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is a linear or branched, acyclic hydrocarbon group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkanediyl;
b) and water,
wherein the amount of amines of formula (I) with n being 1 or 2 is at least 90% by weight, based on the total amount of amines of the formula (I) contained in the oil phase. The invention also relates to the use of these emulsions as a corrosion inhibitor in water-bearing systems.

The present invention relates to aqueous oil-in-water emulsion containing:

a) an oil phase comprising at least one organic amine of the formula (I)

R.sup.1(NHR.sup.2).sub.nNH.sub.2 (I) wherein n is an integer from 0 to 7, in particular 0, 1 or 2, R.sup.1 is a linear or branched, acyclic hydrocarbon group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is C.sub.2-C.sub.4-alkanediyl;
b) and water,
wherein the amount of amines of formula (I) with n being 1 or 2 is at least 90% by weight, based on the total amount of amines of the formula (I) contained in the oil phase. The invention also relates to the use of these emulsions as a corrosion inhibitor in water-bearing systems.