An aqueous cleaning solution for removing rouging deposits on media-contacted surfaces of stainless steels comprises a first component and a second component. The first component is an alkali sulfite and the second component is an alkali formate, wherein the concentrations thereof are adjusted in such manner that formate is present in a molar ratio of 1.5 to 4.2 relative to sulfite, and that the pH value of the cleaning solution is 4.0 to 4.8. For preparing the aqueous cleaning solution, an aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide is provided initially, thereafter a first amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed in an excess in such manner that a pH value of 3.5 to 4.5 is established, then a second amount of solid alkali sulfite is admixed in accordance with the sulfite concentration to be established, thus resulting in a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5, and finally a third amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed until a pH value of 4.0 to 4.8 is attained.

An aqueous cleaning solution for removing rouging deposits on media-contacted surfaces of stainless steels comprises a first component and a second component. The first component is an alkali sulfite and the second component is an alkali formate, wherein the concentrations thereof are adjusted in such manner that formate is present in a molar ratio of 1.5 to 4.2 relative to sulfite, and that the pH value of the cleaning solution is 4.0 to 4.8. For preparing the aqueous cleaning solution, an aqueous solution of an alkali hydroxide is provided initially, thereafter a first amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed in an excess in such manner that a pH value of 3.5 to 4.5 is established, then a second amount of solid alkali sulfite is admixed in accordance with the sulfite concentration to be established, thus resulting in a pH value of 5.5 to 6.5, and finally a third amount of concentrated aqueous formic acid is admixed until a pH value of 4.0 to 4.8 is attained.

A can steel plate includes: equal or less than 0.0030% by mass of C; equal or less than 0.02% by mass of Si; 0.05-0.60% by mass of Mn; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of P; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of S; 0.010% to 0.100% by mass of Al; 0.0010-0.0050% by mass of N; 0.001-0.050% by mass of Nb; and balance Fe and impurities. Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation (where 2 represents 2 with bar in Miller indices) and intensity of (111)[1-10] orientation (where 1 represents 1 with bar in Miller indices) satisfy the following equation (1), and in a rolling direction and 90 direction from the rolling direction in a horizontal plane, tensile strength TS (MPa) and fracture elongation El (%) satisfy relations of the following equations (2) and (3). (Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation)/(Intensity of (111) [1-10] orientation)>0.9 . . . (1), TS>550 . . . (2), El>0.02TS+17.5 . . . (3).

A can steel plate includes: equal or less than 0.0030% by mass of C; equal or less than 0.02% by mass of Si; 0.05-0.60% by mass of Mn; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of P; equal or less than 0.020% by mass of S; 0.010% to 0.100% by mass of Al; 0.0010-0.0050% by mass of N; 0.001-0.050% by mass of Nb; and balance Fe and impurities. Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation (where 2 represents 2 with bar in Miller indices) and intensity of (111)[1-10] orientation (where 1 represents 1 with bar in Miller indices) satisfy the following equation (1), and in a rolling direction and 90 direction from the rolling direction in a horizontal plane, tensile strength TS (MPa) and fracture elongation El (%) satisfy relations of the following equations (2) and (3). (Intensity of (111) [1-21] orientation)/(Intensity of (111) [1-10] orientation)>0.9 . . . (1), TS>550 . . . (2), El>0.02TS+17.5 . . . (3).

The present invention consists of a two acid core aqueous acidic solution with a pH value of less than one that is nonreactive to human skin, can be safely ingested, and is effective as both a disinfectant and a microbial growth inhibition agent. The solution consists of hydrochloric acid admixed aqueous citric acid. The present invention further comprises a method of disinfecting food products and related surfaces during processing, preparation, and transport.

The present invention consists of a two acid core aqueous acidic solution with a pH value of less than one that is nonreactive to human skin, can be safely ingested, and is effective as both a disinfectant and a microbial growth inhibition agent. The solution consists of hydrochloric acid admixed aqueous citric acid. The present invention further comprises a method of disinfecting food products and related surfaces during processing, preparation, and transport.

The present disclosure relates to methods for enhanced demetalyzation of an ultrahard material, such as polycrystalline diamond (PCD) or cubic boron nitride (CBN), using a thiourea solution. The thiourea solution may contain thiourea and an acid, such as a Bronstead acid suitable for leaching. The thiourea may contain thiourea or a substituted thiourea, including tautomers thereof. The ultrahard material may be exposed to the thiourea solution for a time and under conditions sufficient to remove at least a desired amount of a metal, such as a catalyst used during formation of the PCD or CBN, from at least a portion of the ultrahard material.

Novel acid-based chemistries that can be used in various cleaning, de-scaling, rust-removal, brightening, etching and other similar applications, including, but not limited to, those based upon hexafluorozirconic acid and other additives, such as urea in some applications, which are effective for a wide range of applications, while avoiding the health, safety and environmental issues that are often associated with the use of hydrochloric acid and other toxic chemistries.

Novel acid-based chemistries that can be used in various cleaning, de-scaling, rust-removal, brightening, etching and other similar applications, including, but not limited to, those based upon hexafluorozirconic acid and other additives, such as urea in some applications, which are effective for a wide range of applications, while avoiding the health, safety and environmental issues that are often associated with the use of hydrochloric acid and other toxic chemistries.

The present invention discloses an acid concentration control method and device for cold rolling pickling production line. In the method, the acid circulating tank of the pickling production line are provided with three acid-filling tanks. And the three acid-filling tanks are interconnected with each other. An acid concentration measuring device is concatenated on the acid solution back-flow pipeline of each acid-filling tank and acid tank, through which the actual acid concentration of the acid solution in the acid tank of the production line may be measured. The measured acid concentration, after being analyzed by the analyzer, will be transmitted to the multi-variable controller where it is compared to the specified acid concentration as per process requirements. The difference between the measured acid concentration and the specified acid concentration will be used as the input value for the model of the multi-variable controller. As the acid concentrations of the three acid-filling tanks are affected by each other, the coupling relationship of the acid concentrations at the three measuring points must be found out to build the mathematical model for the acid circulating tank of the production line, and perform the multi-variable decoupling calculation. With the control method of the present invention, the close-loop control to the acid concentration can be achieved, thus to save the hydrochloric acid, reduce the regeneration amount of waste acid and decrease the environmental pollution.