Provided is a composition for removing iron sulfide, containing, as an active ingredient, an ,-unsaturated aldehyde represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, provided that R.sup.1 may be connected to R.sup.2 or R.sup.3, to constitute an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not a hydrogen atom at the same time.

Provided is a composition for removing iron sulfide, containing, as an active ingredient, an ,-unsaturated aldehyde represented by the following general formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, provided that R.sup.1 may be connected to R.sup.2 or R.sup.3, to constitute an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not a hydrogen atom at the same time.

Disclosed is a conversion composition containing a trivalent chromium cation in an amount of 0.001 g/L to 20 g/L. Also disclosed is a system for treating a metal substrate that includes the conversion composition and a sealing composition comprising a lithium cation. Also disclosed is a method for treating a metal substrate that includes contacting at least a portion of a surface of the substrate with the conversion composition and then contacting at least a portion of the surface of the substrate with the sealing composition. Also disclosed is a substrate obtainable by treatment with the system and/or obtainable by the method of treating.

Methods for processing a substrate are provided herein. In some embodiments, a method of processing a substrate includes: heating a substrate disposed within a processing volume of a substrate processing chamber to a temperature of up to about 400 degrees Celsius, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface, an opposing second surface, and an opening formed in the first surface and extending towards the opposing second surface, and wherein the second surface comprises a conductive material disposed in the second surface and aligned with the opening; and exposing the substrate to a process gas comprising about 80 to about 100 wt. % of an alcohol to reduce a contaminated surface of the conductive material.

Disclosed is a method of removing lead materials from an anode for manufacturing copper foil to regenerate the anode. The method includes cleaning solution preparation, anode cleaning and anode washing. The cleaning solution preparation includes preparing a cleaning solution containing an aqueous solution of EDTA and citric acid. The cleaning solution used to perform the anode cleaning has a pH of 7 to 9 and a temperature of 20 to 50? C. The anode cleaning includes cleaning the anode by immersing the anode including the lead materials attached to the surface thereof in the cleaning solution to perform EDTA-Pb chelation. As a result, the transfer of the lead materials from the anode to the cleaning solution means substantial removal of the lead materials from the anode. The anode, from which the lead materials have been removed, is washed using a high-pressure washer.

A method for the preliminary treatment against corrosion of a plurality of metallic components, in which dragging of water-soluble phosphates from an acid passivation process using water-dissolved phosphates as the active components, e.g. a phosphating process, into the dip coating treatment stage, is effectively prevented.

The invention relates to a method for removing a substrate that is coated with an organic coated coating by means of ionogenic gel formation. In said method, a wet or dry organic coating that has not yet formed a film on the substrate is treated with an aqueous solution of a metal salt from main group I in the periodic table of the elements, a complexing agent and/or a basic compound having a pH value >10.

The invention relates to a method for removing a substrate that is coated with an organic coated coating by means of ionogenic gel formation. In said method, a wet or dry organic coating that has not yet formed a film on the substrate is treated with an aqueous solution of a metal salt from main group I in the periodic table of the elements, a complexing agent and/or a basic compound having a pH value >10.

The present disclosure relates to compositions, systems and methods for removing iron sulfide scale from a solid object, such as an oilfield component. The compositions include a carbon-carbon (CC) double bond with an electron withdrawing group bonded to at least one of the double-bonded carbons.

A composition for pickling a welded portion and a rust-generated portion according to installation of pipes, structures, plants, and so on formed of stainless steel, and for forming a passive state film thereon is provided. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a neutral agent for passivating a surface of stainless steel metal in which a neutral agent is obtained by neutralizing a basic aqueous solution to 6.9 pH to 7.1 pH and aerated with carbon dioxide-free air to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen, so that an oxidation reduction potential in a range of 170 mV to 310 mV is obtained.