Provided herein are anode and/or cathode pan assemblies comprising unique manifold, outlet tube, and/or baffle plate configurations; electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer containing the anode and/or the cathode pan assemblies; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

An electrolytic ozone generator comprises a cavity, and electrodes and a membrane disposed in the cavity. The electrodes comprise an anode and a cathode. A water inlet and a water outlet are formed in two ends of the cavity respectively. The membrane has a side face parallel and opposite to the anode and a side face parallel and opposite to the cathode. An annular guide channel is formed between a periphery of the anode, the cathode and the membrane, and an inner wall of the cavity. A water distribution space is formed between the water inlet and the electrode at the water inlet end, and is communicated with the annular guide channel and the through holes in the electrode at the water inlet end. The anode and the cathode are electrically connected through water flowing therethrough. The ozone generator can increase the ozone concentration in water.

The present invention provides a photodecomposition module and a photodecomposition cell that have a new structure different from a known art and can decompose a decomposition liquid more effectively than those of the known art. The present invention includes a plurality of photodecomposition cells, and a posture holder that holds each of the photodecomposition cells in a predetermined posture, in which each of the photodecomposition cells decomposes a decomposition liquid with light irradiation, and includes an anode electrode part and a cathode electrode part in an accommodating part, the anode electrode part has a photocatalyst supported on a conductive substrate, the anode electrode part and the cathode electrode part are immersed in the decomposition liquid in the accommodating part, and the accommodating part has a cylindrical shape.

The present invention relates to a photo-electrochemical device for production of a gas, liquid or solid using concentrated electromagnetic irradiation. The device comprises a photovoltaic component configured to generate charge carriers from the concentrated electromagnetic irradiation; and an electrochemical component configured to carry out electrolysis of a reactant. The photovoltaic component contacts the electrochemical component at a solid interface to form an integrated photo-electrochemical device; and further includes at least one reactant channel or a plurality of reactant channels extending between the photovoltaic component and the electrochemical component to transfer heat and the reactant from the photovoltaic component to the electrochemical component. The integrated photo-electrochemical device and auxiliary devices (such as concentrator, flow controllers) build a system which can flexibly react to changes in operating condition and guarantee best performance.

Provided herein, are anode and/or cathode pan assemblies comprising unique ribs and welds configurations; electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer containing the anode and/or the cathode pan assemblies; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

Provided herein are anode and/or cathode pan assemblies comprising unique manifold, outlet tube, and/or baffle plate configurations; electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer containing the anode and/or the cathode pan assemblies; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

Provided herein are anode and/or cathode pan assemblies comprising unique manifold, outlet tube, and/or baffle plate configurations; electrochemical cell and/or electrolyzer containing the anode and/or the cathode pan assemblies; and methods to use and manufacture the same.

An electrochemical process produces tetraalkyl 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylates having alkyl groups with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The process employs an electrohydrodimerization of dialkyl maleates having alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in a reactant solution with an alcohol and a conducting salt.

A synthesis gas production system for producing CO and H.sub.2 by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing CO.sub.2 includes: an electrolysis device including an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a separator membrane; a cathode-side circulation line connected to the cathode chamber to circulate a cathode solution containing CO.sub.2; a catalyst supply device provided in the cathode-side circulation line to supply a CO production catalyst to the cathode solution; and a gas composition detection device configured to measure a ratio between CO and H.sub.2 in a production gas produced in the cathode chamber. At least one of control of a supply amount of the CO production catalyst by the catalyst supply device and control of a voltage applied between the anode and the cathode by the electrolysis device is performed to make a ratio of H.sub.2 to CO in the production gas be within a predetermined target range.

A gas production apparatus including: an electrolysis vessel; first and second electrolyte circulation systems; and an electrolyte exchanger, the first/second electrolyte circulation system including: a first/second circulation tank receiving and storing a first/second electrolyte flowing out from an anode chamber/a cathode chamber; and a first/second circulation pump supplying the first/second electrolyte to the anode chamber/the cathode chamber, the electrolyte exchanger transferring part of the first electrolyte existing in the first electrolyte circulation system into the second electrolyte circulation system on one hand, and transferring part of the second electrolyte existing in the second electrolyte circulation system into the first electrolyte circulation system on the other hand.