A method for preparing a grid alloy of a lead battery, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing an aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy by using a molten salt electrolysis method; (2) melting the aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy with sodium and partial lead and uniformly stirring same to prepare an intermediate alloy; and (3) melting the intermediate alloy with calcium, tin and remaining lead and uniformly stirring same to form a grid alloy of a lead battery.

A method for preparing a grid alloy of a lead battery, comprising the following steps: (1) preparing an aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy by using a molten salt electrolysis method; (2) melting the aluminum-lanthanum-cerium rare earth mother alloy with sodium and partial lead and uniformly stirring same to prepare an intermediate alloy; and (3) melting the intermediate alloy with calcium, tin and remaining lead and uniformly stirring same to form a grid alloy of a lead battery.

A device and a method for preparing pure titanium by electrolysis-chlorination-electrolysis, wherein the device includes a first electrolytic cell, a second electrolytic cell, a chlorination reactor and guide tubes. The Cl.sub.2 generated at the anode of the first electrolytic cell is introduced into a chlorination reactor containing the TiC.sub.xO.sub.y or TiC.sub.xO.sub.yN.sub.z raw materials via a guide tube, and a chlorination is carried out to generate TiCl.sub.4 gas at a temperature of 200 C.-600 C. The TiCl.sub.4 gas passes through a guide tube into a cathode of the second electrolytic cell, and then an electrolysis is performed to obtain the high-purity titanium in the second electrolytic cell. At the same time, the Cl.sub.2 generated at the anode of the second electrolytic cell is recycled into the chlorination reactor in the first electrolytic cell to continue to participate in the chlorination of TiC.sub.xO.sub.y or TiC.sub.xO.sub.yN.sub.z.

Disclosed is an electrochemical method for high-temperature molten salt electrolysis in humid atmosphere. The method involves preparing hydrogen gas, metals/alloys, metal oxide compounds and metal hydrides in humid high-temperature molten salt environment. Hydrogen gas is generated by electrolyzing water in a molten salt electrolyte at above 100 C., and with a working cathode being a solid-state oxide pellet and a voltage applied to the electrolyzing cell being far lower than that in a direct electro-deoxidation process, the hydrogen gas generated reduces solid-state oxide cathodes to produce metals. The hydrogen ions in the molten salt can be prepared by hydrolysis reaction of the molten salt in a water vapor containing atmosphere. Corresponding metals or alloys or metal oxide compounds can be prepared by reducing iron oxide, molybdenum oxide, tantalum oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide, titanium oxide or corresponding compound oxides and the like.

The present disclosure relates to a metal oxide reduction method and, specifically, to a metal oxide reduction method which, in producing a high-grade alloy metal using a metal oxide as a raw material, enables operation in the atmosphere by moving away from an existing production process in an inert gas atmosphere, and is easy to commercialize and can maximize efficiency, as an eco-friendly method is used.

The present disclosure relates to a metal oxide reduction method and, specifically, to a metal oxide reduction method which, in producing a high-grade alloy metal using a metal oxide as a raw material, enables operation in the atmosphere by moving away from an existing production process in an inert gas atmosphere, and is easy to commercialize and can maximize efficiency, as an eco-friendly method is used.

Spent nuclear fuel is added to an electro-reduction cell, wherein the electro-reduction cell includes a halide salt electrolyte, and anode, and a cathode including an alloy of uranium and a first metal forming a low melting point alloy with uranium, the first metal being one or more of: iron; chromium; nickel; manganese; and cobalt. The spent nuclear fuel is electrochemically reduced at a potential sufficient to reduce plutonium and lanthanides in the spent nuclear fuel, to form a molten alloy of the first metal, uranium and higher actinides present in the spent nuclear fuel. The alloy is extracted from the electro-reduction cell while uranium oxide is present in the electro-reduction cell. The spent nuclear fuel includes uranium oxide and at least 1 mol of lanthanides per tonne of uranium in the spent nuclear fuel, and the electro-reduction cell is operated at a temperature above the melting point of the alloy.

Spent nuclear fuel is added to an electro-reduction cell, wherein the electro-reduction cell includes a halide salt electrolyte, and anode, and a cathode including an alloy of uranium and a first metal forming a low melting point alloy with uranium, the first metal being one or more of: iron; chromium; nickel; manganese; and cobalt. The spent nuclear fuel is electrochemically reduced at a potential sufficient to reduce plutonium and lanthanides in the spent nuclear fuel, to form a molten alloy of the first metal, uranium and higher actinides present in the spent nuclear fuel. The alloy is extracted from the electro-reduction cell while uranium oxide is present in the electro-reduction cell. The spent nuclear fuel includes uranium oxide and at least 1 mol of lanthanides per tonne of uranium in the spent nuclear fuel, and the electro-reduction cell is operated at a temperature above the melting point of the alloy.

Disclosed methods relate to producing an aluminum-scandium (AlSc) alloy. A method can include providing an electrolyte bath comprising a first portion of at least one of ScF.sub.3 or AlF.sub.3 and a first portion of at least one of LiF, NaF, or KF; providing a cathode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; providing an anode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; adding a first portion of SC.sub.2O.sub.3 into the electrolyte bath; reacting an aluminum ion with the cathode; applying an electric current to the cathode, thereby reacting a scandium ion with the cathode to produce the AlSc alloy.

Disclosed methods relate to producing an aluminum-scandium (AlSc) alloy. A method can include providing an electrolyte bath comprising a first portion of at least one of ScF.sub.3 or AlF.sub.3 and a first portion of at least one of LiF, NaF, or KF; providing a cathode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; providing an anode in electrical contact with the electrolyte bath; adding a first portion of SC.sub.2O.sub.3 into the electrolyte bath; reacting an aluminum ion with the cathode; applying an electric current to the cathode, thereby reacting a scandium ion with the cathode to produce the AlSc alloy.