Apparatuses, systems, and methods for electrical field-assisted heterogeneous material printing (EF-HMP) of metal-polymer composite structure include a printing platform, a solution tank, an optical projection system, and an electrical field generation and control module. An additive manufacturing method for a metal-polymer composite structure includes preparing a photocurable electrolyte solution by mixing a photocurable liquid resin with a conductive nanofiller, a metal salt solution, a photo initiator, and deionized water. The method further includes initiating photopolymerization of the photocurable liquid resin to form a photocured polymer matrix by directing a projection of ultraviolet light energy from a light source onto the photocurable electrolyte solution. The method further includes depositing a metal structure onto the photocured polymer matrix. In this manner, both the photopolymerization and the metal electrodeposition are performed using the same photocurable electrolyte solution.

A method of electrolytic additive manufacturing provides 3-D parts. The method can be used to form parts from particulate material in an electrolytic bath. Metal is electrolytically deposited, binding the particles. Layers of the particles are built up to form the parts. The same process can be used to form parts without the particulate material. Layers of metal are electrolytically deposited in the electrolyte bath to form the parts.

A process (30) for producing a distributor plate (1) for an electrochemical system, wherein the distributor plate (1) has at least one metal foil (2) having a first surface (3) and a second surface (4) and the process (30) has the following process steps: a) pretreatment (31) of the metal foil (2); b) mask formation (32) at least on the first surface (3) of the pretreated metal foil (2); c) structure formation (33) at least on the first surface (3) of the metal foil (2) provided with the mask (10), as a result of which a first fluid distributor structure (5) is formed; d) mask removal (36).

Synthetic brochosomes can be prepared by disposing a monolayer of first polymer microspheres on a substrate and forming a layer of metal on the monolayer of the first polymer microspheres. A monolayer of second polymer microspheres is then disposed on the layer of metal to form a template. The second polymer microspheres are smaller than the first polymer microspheres. A brochosome material is then electrodeposited on the template. The brochosome material is selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal oxide, a polymer or a hybrid thereof. The first polymer microspheres and the second polymer microspheres are then removed to form a coating of synthetic brochosomes of the brochosome material on the substrate.

Method for manufacturing a horology component, including manufacturing (E1) a first structure (10) from a first photosensitive resin (31) having at least one layer of photosensitive resin having a first pattern obtained by polymerizing the first photosensitive resin by irradiation through at least one mask (4), then developing the first photosensitive resin; and transforming (E2) the first structure (10) into a second structure (1) by structuring at least one surface of the first structure by the addition of a second photosensitive resin (32) to the at least one surface, the second structure (1) being intended to at least partially form a manufacturing mold for the horology component.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a 3D biological bilayer membrane structure in a physiological buffer solution and a 3D biological bilayer membrane structure using the same, and more particularly, to a method for preparing a 3D biological bilayer membrane structure that is tightly sealed even under physiological ionic conditions by applying pressure during electroformation to improve a membrane fusion function, and a 3D biological bilayer membrane structure using the same.

An apparatus for stereo-electrochemical deposition of metal layers consisting of an array of anodes, a cathode, a positioning system, a fluid handling system for an electrolytic solution, communications circuitry, control circuitry and software control. The anodes are electrically operated to promote deposition of metal layers in any combination on the cathode to fabricate a structure.

In one embodiment, an alloy microstructure structure includes a bottom plate made of an aluminum alloy, and a plurality of elongated pillars that extend from the bottom plate, the pillars being made of the aluminum alloy and having lengths no greater than 10 centimeters.

An apparatus and method for electrochemically depositing a unitary layer structure using a reactor configured to contain an electrolyte solution with an anode array containing a plurality of independently electrically controllable anodes arranged in a two-dimensional array, a cathode, an addressing circuit for receiving a signal containing anode address data and for outputting a signal causing an anode array pattern; and, a controller. in communication with the addressing circuit and the anode array, configured to electrically control each anode in the anode array to cause an electrochemical reaction at the cathode that deposits a unitary layer structure according to the anode array pattern signal.

A method for producing a copper composite structure is disclosed. The method for producing a copper composite structure includes a first step of forming a copper pillar structure; and a second step of annealing the copper pillar structure under a nitrogen atmosphere.