Devices to detect a substance and methods of producing such a device are disclosed. An example device to detect a substance includes a housing defining a first chamber and a substrate coupled to the housing. The substrate includes nanostructures positioned within the first chamber. The nanostructures are to react to the substance when exposed thereto. The device includes a first heater positioned within the first chamber. The heater is to heat at least a portion of the substance to ready the device for analysis.

According to the invention there is provided a method of producing a structure comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate comprising one or more features that correspond to the shape of the structure to be produced, wherein the one or more features comprise a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface; b) exposing at least a part of the hydrophobic PDMS surface to a plasma so that the part of the hydrophobic PDMS surface that is exposed to the plasma forms a hydrophilic PDMS surface; c) depositing a seed layer onto the hydrophilic PDMS surface by electroless deposition; d) depositing one or more metallic layers onto the seed layer by electrochemical deposition to form the structure; and e) removing the structure from the substrate.

According to the invention there is provided a method of producing a structure comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate comprising one or more features that correspond to the shape of the structure to be produced, wherein the one or more features comprise a hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surface; b) exposing at least a part of the hydrophobic PDMS surface to a plasma so that the part of the hydrophobic PDMS surface that is exposed to the plasma forms a hydrophilic PDMS surface; c) depositing a seed layer onto the hydrophilic PDMS surface by electroless deposition; d) depositing one or more metallic layers onto the seed layer by electrochemical deposition to form the structure; and e) removing the structure from the substrate.

Systems and methods are provided for rapidly producing complex aircraft assembly tools using a meltable substrate and electrodeposition. One embodiment is a method that includes forming a meltable substrate into a model that corresponds with a shape of the aircraft assembly tool, wherein the meltable substrate is integrated with an electrically conductive material. The method also includes electrodepositing metal onto the outer surface of the model to form a metal frame having the shape of the aircraft assembly tool, the metal frame having at least one hole. The method further includes melting the model to remove the meltable substrate and the electrically conductive material from the metal frame via the hole to form a hollow metal tool having the shape of the aircraft assembly tool.

Systems and methods are provided for rapidly producing complex aircraft assembly tools using a meltable substrate and electrodeposition. One embodiment is a method that includes forming a meltable substrate into a model that corresponds with a shape of the aircraft assembly tool, wherein the meltable substrate is integrated with an electrically conductive material. The method also includes electrodepositing metal onto the outer surface of the model to form a metal frame having the shape of the aircraft assembly tool, the metal frame having at least one hole. The method further includes melting the model to remove the meltable substrate and the electrically conductive material from the metal frame via the hole to form a hollow metal tool having the shape of the aircraft assembly tool.

A lightweight sandwich panel structure with a complex shape and curvature, and a method to fabricate such a panel out of high temperature alloys. Embodiments of a micro-truss core structure that offer high specific strength and stiffness while allowing for curvature, and methods for depositing multiple layers of metals that can be interdiffused into complex alloys, are provided. A core of a panel may be fabricated from a polymer template, which may be shaped, e.g., curved, and coated with metal layers, which may then be heat treated to cause the layers of metal to interdiffuse, to form an alloy.

A method for manufacturing a mold includes forming a groove in a back surface of a mold body configured to mold a resin or a rubber by cutting or by electrical discharge machining the back surface of the mold body, placing a porous conductive sheet, including a plurality of through holes and being conductive at least at a surface of the porous conductive sheet, on the back surface of the mold body so as to cover the groove, and temporarily fixing the porous conductive sheet to the back surface of the mold body by spot welded portions, wherein a part of the porous conductive sheet which covers the groove has a flat shape, and performing electroforming to cause an electroformed metal to be electrodeposited on the back surface of the mold body and on the porous conductive sheet.

A method for manufacturing a mold includes forming a groove in a back surface of a mold body configured to mold a resin or a rubber by cutting or by electrical discharge machining the back surface of the mold body, placing a porous conductive sheet, including a plurality of through holes and being conductive at least at a surface of the porous conductive sheet, on the back surface of the mold body so as to cover the groove, and temporarily fixing the porous conductive sheet to the back surface of the mold body by spot welded portions, wherein a part of the porous conductive sheet which covers the groove has a flat shape, and performing electroforming to cause an electroformed metal to be electrodeposited on the back surface of the mold body and on the porous conductive sheet.

Proposed are a highly reliable metal molded article manufactured using a combination of a mold made of an anodic aluminum oxide film and a patternable mold, and a method for manufacturing the same.

A liquefier tube for an additive manufacturing system, including a body provided with a feed channel including a feeding portion having a first diameter, an outlet portion having a second diameter, the first diameter being larger than the second diameter, and a transitional portion interconnecting the feeding portion and the outlet portion. The transitional portion has a decreasing third diameter from the first diameter to the second diameter, and an inner surface of the transitional portion is provided with a plurality of ribs. Methods of manufacturing the liquefier tube.