A method for the production of a metal strip coated with a coating. The coating containing chromium metal and chromium oxide and is electrolytically deposited from an electrolyte solution that contains a trivalent chromium compound onto the metal strip by bringing the metal strip, which is connected as the cathode, into contact with the electrolyte solution. An effective deposition of the coating with a high chromium oxide portion is achieved by successively passing the metal strip at a predefined strip travel speed through a plurality of electrolysis tanks arranged successively in a strip travel direction. The first electrolysis tank is set to a low current density; a second electrolysis tank, which follows in the strip travel direction, is set to a medium current density; and a last electrolysis tank is set to a high current density, where the low current density is greater than 20 A/dm.sup.2.

Disclosed is a technical idea of forming ruthenium and ruthenium-cobalt alloy nanowires having various diameters using electroplating. More particularly, a technology of forming ruthenium and ruthenium-cobalt alloy nanowires on a porous template, on pores of which nanotubes are deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD), using electroplating, and annealing the ruthenium and ruthenium-cobalt alloy nanowires to form ruthenium-cobalt alloy nanowires having various diameters.

The present invention relates to processes that may be used singly or in combination to prevent lithium (or alkali metal) plating or dendrite buildup on bare substrate areas or edges of electrode rolls during alkaliation of a battery or electrochemical cell anode composed of a conductive substrate and coatings, in which the electrode rolls may be coated on one or both sides and may have exposed substrate on edges, or on continuous or discontinuous portions of either or both substrate surfaces.

A working electrode for a subcutaneous sensor for use with a continuous biological monitor for a patient is disclosed. The working electrode includes a conductive substrate and a carbon-enzyme layer on the conductive substrate. The carbon-enzyme layer includes a polyurethane or silicone crosslinked with an acrylic polyol, and an enzyme fully entrapped by the polyurethane or silicone crosslinked with the acrylic polyol. The enzyme is selected according to a biological function to be monitored. The carbon-enzyme layer also includes a carbon material. The carbon-enzyme layer is electrically conductive and facilitates a generation of either peroxide or electrons within the carbon-enzyme layer responsive to reacting the enzyme with a target biologic from blood of the patient.

Articles and methods for depositing iron alloy coatings onto metal wires for wireless recharging devices are generally described.

The present invention has as its object to provide thickness 60 μm or less ultra-thin stainless steel foil which secures high thickness precision and simultaneously secures plastic deformability and good elongation at break, that is, secures good press-formability (deep drawability). The present invention solves this problem by ultra-thin stainless steel foil which has three or more crystal grains in a thickness direction, has a recrystallization rate of 90% to 100%, and has a nitrogen concentration of a surface layer of 1.0 mass % or less. For this reason, there is provided a method of production of stainless steel foil comprising rolling stainless steel sheet, then performing final annealing and making a thickness 5 μm to 60 μm, wherein a rolling reduction ratio at rolling right before final annealing is 30% or more, a temperature of final annealing after rolling is 950° C. to 1050° C. in the case of austenitic stainless steel and 850° C. to 950° C. in the case of ferritic stainless steel, and a nitrogen content in atmospheric gas in final annealing is 0.1 vol % or less, whereby ultra-thin stainless steel foil can be produced.

An electronic component includes an element main body and at least a pair of outer electrodes on the element main body. The outer electrodes each include an underlying electrode layer positioned so as to be in contact with the element main body and a plating layer positioned so as to be in contact with the underlying electrode layer. The plating layer includes a Ni—Sn alloy plating layer positioned so as to be in contact with the underlying electrode layer.

A cold-rolled steel according to the present invention has a predetermined chemical composition, satisfies (5×[Si]+[Mn])/[C]>10 when [C] is the amount of C by mass %, [Si] is the amount of Si by mass %, and [Mn] is the amount of Mn by mass %, includes 40% to 95% ferrite and 5% to 60% martensite in area fraction, and optionally further includes 10% or less pearlite in area fraction, 5% or less retained austenite in volume fraction, and less than 40% bainite in area fraction. The total of the area fraction of ferrite and the area fraction of martensite is 60% or more, the hardness of martensite measured with a nanoindenter satisfies H2/H1<1.10 and σHM<20.

A hot-dip Sn—Zn-based alloy-plated steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition; a diffusion alloy layer provided on one surface or both surfaces of the steel sheet; and a Sn—Zn-plated layer provided on the diffusion alloy layer, in which the diffusion alloy layer contains Fe, Sn, Zn, Cr, and Ni, an area ratio of a Sn—Fe—Cr—Zn phase to a Sn—Fe—Ni—Zn phase in the diffusion alloy layer is 0.01 or more and less than 2.5, the diffusion alloy layer has a coverage of 98% or more with respect to the one surface, the Sn—Zn-plated layer contains 1% to 20% of Zn by mass % and a remainder consisting of Sn and impurities, and an adhesion amount of the Sn—Zn-plated layer is 10 to 80 g/m.sup.2 per one surface.

A hot-dip Sn—Zn-based alloy-plated steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition; a diffusion alloy layer provided on one surface or both surfaces of the steel sheet; and a Sn—Zn-plated layer provided on the diffusion alloy layer, in which the diffusion alloy layer contains Fe, Sn, Zn, Cr, and Ni, an area ratio of a Sn—Fe—Cr—Zn phase to a Sn—Fe—Ni—Zn phase in the diffusion alloy layer is 0.01 or more and less than 2.5, the diffusion alloy layer has a coverage of 98% or more with respect to the one surface, the Sn—Zn-plated layer contains 1% to 20% of Zn by mass % and a remainder consisting of Sn and impurities, and an adhesion amount of the Sn—Zn-plated layer is 10 to 80 g/m.sup.2 per one surface.