The present invention relates to a clear composition for the aluminum foot rest containing a melamine resin, an acrylic resin, an ultraviolet (UV) curing agent, a solvent, and titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2) powder in a content of 10 to 20% based on a total weight. Provided is the clear composition for the aluminum foot rest having an increased hardness, transparency and enhanced adhesion to the aluminum material.

A switchable hydrophilic surface is created by attaching electrochemically switchable hydrophilicity polymers to the surface of a microelectrode array. Ferrocene polymers are one example of electrochemically switchable hydrophilicity polymers. Activation of electrodes in the microelectrode array changes the oxidation state of metal ions which switches the polymers between hydrophobic and hydrophilic conformations. Selective activation of electrodes can create patterns of wettability on the microelectrode array that may be varied in real time. The switchable hydrophilic surface may be used to control solid-phase synthesis of polymers. Growing polymers may be selectively extended at locations on the microelectrode array that are hydrophilic. The pattern of hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions can be changed during sequential rounds of synthesis to create a variety of different polymers at different locations on the surface of the microelectrode array.

A switchable hydrophilic surface is created by attaching electrochemically switchable hydrophilicity polymers to the surface of a microelectrode array. Ferrocene polymers are one example of electrochemically switchable hydrophilicity polymers. Activation of electrodes in the microelectrode array changes the oxidation state of metal ions which switches the polymers between hydrophobic and hydrophilic conformations. Selective activation of electrodes can create patterns of wettability on the microelectrode array that may be varied in real time. The switchable hydrophilic surface may be used to control solid-phase synthesis of polymers. Growing polymers may be selectively extended at locations on the microelectrode array that are hydrophilic. The pattern of hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions can be changed during sequential rounds of synthesis to create a variety of different polymers at different locations on the surface of the microelectrode array.

Porous solid materials are provided. The porous solid materials include a plurality of interconnected wires forming an ordered network. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 2 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 90 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 3% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 72 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 80% and 95% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials (100) may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 85 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 65% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 2000 S/cm. Methods for the fabrication of such porous solid materials and devices including such porous solid material are also disclosed.

Porous solid materials are provided. The porous solid materials include a plurality of interconnected wires forming an ordered network. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 2 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 90 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 3% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 72 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 80% and 95% and an electrical conductivity higher than 100 S/cm. The porous solid materials (100) may have a predetermined volumetric surface area ranging between 3 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3 and 85 m.sup.2/cm.sup.3, a predetermined porosity ranging between 65% and 90% and an electrical conductivity higher than 2000 S/cm. Methods for the fabrication of such porous solid materials and devices including such porous solid material are also disclosed.

Described herein is a method for treatment of a metallic surface, including the step of (A) contacting the metallic surface with a first aqueous composition, and a subsequent step of (B) contacting the metallic surface subsequent to step (A) with a second aqueous composition. Also described herein is a kit-of-parts including the first and second aqueaous compostition and a kit-of-parts including master-batches of the first and second aqueous compostions. Also descibed is a method of using the kit-of-parts for treating a metallic surface and substrates including the thus treated metallic surfaces.

At least one embodiment relates to a method fabricating a solid-state battery cell. The method includes forming a plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures on a substrate. Forming the plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures on the substrate includes transforming at least part of a valve metal layer into a template that includes a plurality of spaced channels aligned longitudinally along a first direction. Transforming at least part of the valve metal layer into the template includes a first anodization step, a second anodization step, an etching step in an etching solution, and a deposition step. The method also includes forming a first layer of active electrode material on the plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures, depositing an electrolyte layer over the first layer of active electrode material, and forming a second layer of active electrode material over the electrolyte later.

At least one embodiment relates to a method fabricating a solid-state battery cell. The method includes forming a plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures on a substrate. Forming the plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures on the substrate includes transforming at least part of a valve metal layer into a template that includes a plurality of spaced channels aligned longitudinally along a first direction. Transforming at least part of the valve metal layer into the template includes a first anodization step, a second anodization step, an etching step in an etching solution, and a deposition step. The method also includes forming a first layer of active electrode material on the plurality of spaced electrically conductive structures, depositing an electrolyte layer over the first layer of active electrode material, and forming a second layer of active electrode material over the electrolyte later.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided that has a working electrode with an enhanced enzyme layer that in one embodiment is made by mixing an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with an acrylic polyol emulsion to make a base emulsion. An enzyme is added to the base emulsion, which is applied to the working electrode and cured. Optionally, other additives can be added to the base emulsion prior to application, such as hydrophiles, cross linkers, adding imodeoesters, hydroxysuccimide, carboldilite, melamines, epoxies, benzoyl peroxide or dicumyl peroxide.

Briefly, a sensor for a continuous biological monitor is provided that has a working electrode with an enhanced enzyme layer that in one embodiment is made by mixing an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with an acrylic polyol emulsion to make a base emulsion. An enzyme is added to the base emulsion, which is applied to the working electrode and cured. Optionally, other additives can be added to the base emulsion prior to application, such as hydrophiles, cross linkers, adding imodeoesters, hydroxysuccimide, carboldilite, melamines, epoxies, benzoyl peroxide or dicumyl peroxide.