The present invention provides a method for preparing a polyaniline/RuO.sub.2/SnO.sub.2 composite electrode material, including: sputtering a SnO.sub.2 film onto a tantalum substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, to form a SnO.sub.2 layer; preparing porous-structured RuO.sub.2 nanoparticles with a uniform pore size distribution (10-15 nm) by a template method; and embedding polyaniline into the RuO.sub.2 nanoparticle matrix by a electrodeposition method, to finally obtain a multilayer-structured polyaniline/RuO.sub.2/SnO.sub.2 composite electrode material with a specific capacitance value of 680-702 F.Math.g1 and an excellent cycling charge-discharge performance after it is assembled into an electrochemical capacitor.

The present invention provides a method for preparing a polyaniline/RuO.sub.2/SnO.sub.2 composite electrode material, including: sputtering a SnO.sub.2 film onto a tantalum substrate by a magnetron sputtering method, to form a SnO.sub.2 layer; preparing porous-structured RuO.sub.2 nanoparticles with a uniform pore size distribution (10-15 nm) by a template method; and embedding polyaniline into the RuO.sub.2 nanoparticle matrix by a electrodeposition method, to finally obtain a multilayer-structured polyaniline/RuO.sub.2/SnO.sub.2 composite electrode material with a specific capacitance value of 680-702 F.Math.g1 and an excellent cycling charge-discharge performance after it is assembled into an electrochemical capacitor.

There is provided an insulated electric wire comprising a conductor wire coated by an insulating film, in which the insulating film contains 5 to 20% by mass of a low boiling point component having a boiling point of less than 300 C. under normal pressure. The insulating film preferably has a thickness of 40 to 65 m. The conductor wire preferably has a cross-sectional shape in a rectangular shape or a square shape.

There is provided an insulated electric wire comprising a conductor wire coated by an insulating film, in which the insulating film contains 5 to 20% by mass of a low boiling point component having a boiling point of less than 300 C. under normal pressure. The insulating film preferably has a thickness of 40 to 65 m. The conductor wire preferably has a cross-sectional shape in a rectangular shape or a square shape.

A hydrogel is formed by a reaction which is induced, in an electrolytic solution, by an electrode product electrochemically generated by electrodes installed in the electrolytic solution. An apparatus including an electrolytic tank with a bottom surface on which a two-dimensional array of working electrodes is provided and a counter electrode installed in the electrolytic tank is prepared. An electrolytic solution containing a dissolved substance that causes electrolytic deposition of a hydrogel is housed in the electrolytic tank. By applying a predetermined voltage to one or more selected working electrodes of the two-dimensional array, a hydrogel with a two-dimensional pattern corresponding to the arrangement of the selected working electrodes is formed.

A coating method for a clad steel in which stainless sheets are combined on adjacent surfaces of an aluminum sheet may include preparing the clad steel, preparing a coating solution in which an epoxy resin and titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) powder are combined in an acrylic resin, etching the clad steel to improve adhesion property between the coating solution and the clad steel, heating the clad steel, and performing electrodeposition by immersing the clad steel in the coating solution.

A coating method for a clad steel in which stainless sheets are combined on adjacent surfaces of an aluminum sheet may include preparing the clad steel, preparing a coating solution in which an epoxy resin and titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) powder are combined in an acrylic resin, etching the clad steel to improve adhesion property between the coating solution and the clad steel, heating the clad steel, and performing electrodeposition by immersing the clad steel in the coating solution.

A thermally stable component formed of a tempered aluminum alloy casting which reduced costs is provided. The aluminum alloy typically has an elongation of at least 8% after casting, which is preferred for self-piercing rivet processes. The aluminum alloy leaves a casting facility in the as-cast (F temper) condition. The cast aluminum alloy is then shipped to another entity, such as an OEM, and is subjected to an artificial aging process, such as on the OEM's existing paint line, rather than at the casting facility. The artificial aging process typically includes electrodeposition coating and curing. The components that can be formed by the reduced cost method include lightweight automotive vehicle components, including structural, body-in-white, suspension, or chassis components, such as front shock towers, front body hinge pillars, tunnels, and rear rails.

A thermally stable component formed of a tempered aluminum alloy casting which reduced costs is provided. The aluminum alloy typically has an elongation of at least 8% after casting, which is preferred for self-piercing rivet processes. The aluminum alloy leaves a casting facility in the as-cast (F temper) condition. The cast aluminum alloy is then shipped to another entity, such as an OEM, and is subjected to an artificial aging process, such as on the OEM's existing paint line, rather than at the casting facility. The artificial aging process typically includes electrodeposition coating and curing. The components that can be formed by the reduced cost method include lightweight automotive vehicle components, including structural, body-in-white, suspension, or chassis components, such as front shock towers, front body hinge pillars, tunnels, and rear rails.

The invention provides a method to form and functionalize monolayers on a silicon-rich silicon nitride surface or a silicon surface formed by a nanopore fabrication method known as dielectric breakdown. Thermal, photochemical and radical processing can be used to hydrosilylate nascent silicon and silicon nitride surfaces with various reagents. The conventional need for hydrofluoric acid etching prior to coupling functional groups to the surfaces is thereby completely avoided.