The present invention relates to a coating method for a plasma block and a plasma block coated by the same. The method comprises processing two sub-blocks capable of being coupled to each other for forming a flowing path; coating the flowing path of one sub-block by injecting an electrolytic solution to the flowing path after displacing an electrode within the flowing path; coating an outer surface of the one sub-block; and coating the other sub-block in the same manner as applied to the one sub-block.

The disclosure relates to a method and system for treating ballast water and ballast water treatment systems in order for treatment effects to be carried out, such as controlling the transportation of undesirable and invasive marine organisms. In particular, the disclosure relates to methods and systems for applying a superimposed time-varying frequency electromagnetic wave comprising both AC and DC components in a pulsating manner to ballast water within a ballast water treatment system.

The present embodiment relates to an internal combustion engine having an anodic oxide coating formed on at least a portion of an aluminum-based wall surface facing a combustion chamber. The anodic oxide coating has a plurality of nanopores extending substantially in the thickness direction of the anodic oxide coating, a first micropore extending from the surface toward the inside of the anodic oxide coating, and a second micropore present in the inside of the anodic oxide coating; the surface opening diameter of the nanopores is 0 nm or larger and smaller than 30 nm; the inside diameter of the nanopores is larger than the surface opening diameter; the film thickness of the anodic oxide coating is 15 m or larger and 130 m or smaller; and the porosity of the anodic oxide coating is 23% or more.

An electrode holder and a method for producing an electrode for an aluminum electrolytic capacitor are provided that enable prevention of exfoliation of a porous layer during chemical formation even when the porous layer is formed on an aluminum electrode so as to have a thickness of 200 micrometers or greater. When an aluminum electrode 10 having at least one surface 11 on which a porous layer 17 having a thickness of 200 micrometers or greater is formed is subjected to chemical formation in a chemical formation solution, the aluminum electrode 10 is held by an electrode holder 50. The electrode holder 50 includes: an insulating first support plate 51 configured to overlap the one surface 11 of the aluminum electrode 10; an insulating second support plate 52 configured to overlap the other surface 12 of the aluminum electrode 10; and a connecting part 53 configured to connect the first support plate 51 and the second support plate 52 to each other. A portion of the first support plate 51 that overlaps the porous layer 17 while being in contact therewith is formed with a porous member 510.

An anodising apparatus for selectively anodizing at least a portion of a surface of a component can include a conformable wicking element configured to absorb a fluid, the conformable wicking element being conformable to at least the portion of the surface of the component, wherein, upon bringing the component into contact with the conformable wicking element, the fluid completes an electric circuit between the component and a conductive element, the anodising apparatus being configured to grow an anodised layer on the portion of the surface of the component that is in contact with the conformable wicking element when an electric current is supplied to the electric circuit between the conductive element and the component.

Structures, devices and methods are provided for forming nanowires on a substrate. A first protruding structure is formed on a substrate. The first protruding structure is placed in an electrolytic solution. Anodic oxidation is performed using the substrate as part of an anode electrode. One or more nanowires are formed in the protruding structure. The nanowires are surrounded by a first dielectric material formed during the anodic oxidation.

Convenient anodizing is provided through a pen form factor anodizing tool having a reservoir for holding anodizing fluid and an electrical cable connection communicating electrical power to a tip dispensing anodizing fluid from the reservoir at a anodizing voltage from electrical power through the electrical cable connection.

The invention relates to a method and system for treating flue gases comprising generating a superimposed DC time-varying pulsed wave by superimposing a direct current on a low frequency time-varying pulsating electromagnetic wave signal, providing a treatment medium comprising water, using the superimposed DC pulsed wave to treat the treatment water medium, negatively charging the treated treatment water medium, and passing the negatively charged treated treatment water medium into a chamber containing flue gas such that the negatively charged treated treatment water affects the gas components of the flue gas and converts the gas components respectively to one or more of sulphates, nitrogen, oxygen, bicarbonates, carbonates and carbon, which can then be removed with used treatment water or exhaust gases. In particular, the invention relates to methods and systems for applying a superimposed time-varying frequency electromagnetic wave comprising both AC and DC components in a pulsating manner to enable the removal of pollutant gases from flue gases.

A method of treating a surface of an aluminum busbar includes pre-conditioning the surface of the busbar, anodizing one portion of the surface of the busbar, and plating another portion of the surface of the busbar with at least one metal. A fixture used to secure a busbar for a treatment process is also disclosed.

An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a housing comprising a first surface opened while facing a first direction, a second surface facing a second direction that is opposite to the first direction, and one or more side parts disposed in different directions between the first surface and the second surface, a nonconductive structure disposed along at least a portion of the at least one side wall within the housing, and one or more stop recesses including at least one recess formed on one surface of the one or more side parts and a portion of the nonconductive structure surrounding a peripheral portion of the at least one recess.