An electrophoretic coating is disclosed. The electrophoretic coating comprises an aqueous medium and a charged film-forming resin dispersed in the aqueous medium. The film-forming resin is acid-insoluble and alkali-soluble.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) agglomerates can be aligned along the field lines between adjacent electrodes to form conductive bridges. The present invention is directed to a stepwise process of dielectrophoretic deposition of CNTs to form conducting bridges between adjacent electrodes spanning lengths over 50 microns. The CNT bridges are permanently secured using electrodeposition of the conducting polymer polypyrrole. Morphologies of the CNT bridges formed within a frequency range of 1 kHz and 10 MHz are employed and explained as a consequence of interplay between dielectrophoretic and electroosmotic forces. Postdeposition heat treatment increases conductivity of CNT bridges likely due to solvent evaporation and resulting surface tension inducing better contact between CNTs.

Carbon nanotube (CNT) agglomerates can be aligned along the field lines between adjacent electrodes to form conductive bridges. The present invention is directed to a stepwise process of dielectrophoretic deposition of CNTs to form conducting bridges between adjacent electrodes spanning lengths over 50 microns. The CNT bridges are permanently secured using electrodeposition of the conducting polymer polypyrrole. Morphologies of the CNT bridges formed within a frequency range of 1 kHz and 10 MHz are employed and explained as a consequence of interplay between dielectrophoretic and electroosmotic forces. Postdeposition heat treatment increases conductivity of CNT bridges likely due to solvent evaporation and resulting surface tension inducing better contact between CNTs.

An implant is provided comprising a substrate having one or more nanoceria coatings coated at least partially thereon, wherein the one or more nanoceria coatings comprise surface cerium having a 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that the one or more nanoceria coatings exhibit catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Methods are provided for forming a nanoceria coating. The coating has nanoceria having a surface cerium 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that such that the coating exhibits catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Also disclosed is a method of reducing degradation of an implant by placing nanoceria in proximity to a bone-implant interface.

An implant is provided comprising a substrate having one or more nanoceria coatings coated at least partially thereon, wherein the one or more nanoceria coatings comprise surface cerium having a 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that the one or more nanoceria coatings exhibit catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Methods are provided for forming a nanoceria coating. The coating has nanoceria having a surface cerium 3+/4+ oxidation state ratio such that such that the coating exhibits catalase mimetic activity, superoxide dismutase mimetic activity, or both. Also disclosed is a method of reducing degradation of an implant by placing nanoceria in proximity to a bone-implant interface.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of fabricating a display backplate. The method of fabricating the display backplate may include forming a channel layer on a surface of a substrate. The channel layer may include a liquid storage portion, a plurality of pixel channels, and a plurality of moving electrodes. Each of the plurality of pixel channels may include a plurality of sub-pixel grooves. The method of fabricating the display backplate may further include printing ink droplets into the liquid storage portion and moving the ink droplets into the plurality of sub-pixel grooves by applying a moving voltage to the moving electrodes.

The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method of fabricating a display backplate. The method of fabricating the display backplate may include forming a channel layer on a surface of a substrate. The channel layer may include a liquid storage portion, a plurality of pixel channels, and a plurality of moving electrodes. Each of the plurality of pixel channels may include a plurality of sub-pixel grooves. The method of fabricating the display backplate may further include printing ink droplets into the liquid storage portion and moving the ink droplets into the plurality of sub-pixel grooves by applying a moving voltage to the moving electrodes.

A light beam direction control element includes: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate facing the first transparent substrate; a first conductive film pattern having openings and being formed on a surface of the first transparent substrate opposing the second transparent substrate; a second conductive film pattern having openings and being formed on a surface of the second transparent substrate opposing the first transparent substrate; an electrophoretic element being sandwiched between the first and second conductive film patterns, and including light-shielding electrophoretic particles having a surface charge and a transparent dispersion medium; and light-transmissive regions being disposed between the first and second transparent substrates, being sandwiched between at least a portion of the openings of the first and second conductive film patterns, having a surface parallel to the first and second conductive film patterns, and having side walls surrounded by the electrophoretic element.

A light beam direction control element includes: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate facing the first transparent substrate; a first conductive film pattern having openings and being formed on a surface of the first transparent substrate opposing the second transparent substrate; a second conductive film pattern having openings and being formed on a surface of the second transparent substrate opposing the first transparent substrate; an electrophoretic element being sandwiched between the first and second conductive film patterns, and including light-shielding electrophoretic particles having a surface charge and a transparent dispersion medium; and light-transmissive regions being disposed between the first and second transparent substrates, being sandwiched between at least a portion of the openings of the first and second conductive film patterns, having a surface parallel to the first and second conductive film patterns, and having side walls surrounded by the electrophoretic element.

The present invention relates to a clear composition for the aluminum foot rest containing a melamine resin, an acrylic resin, an ultraviolet (UV) curing agent, a solvent, and titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2) powder in a content of 10 to 20% based on a total weight. Provided is the clear composition for the aluminum foot rest having an increased hardness, transparency and enhanced adhesion to the aluminum material.