Electroplating methods may include providing an electrolyte feedstock comprising copper to a first compartment of an electrochemical cell. The methods may include providing an acidic solution to a second compartment of the electrochemical cell. The first compartment and second compartment may be separated by a membrane. The methods may include applying a current to an anode of the electrochemical cell. The anode of the electrochemical cell may be disposed proximate the first compartment and across from the membrane. The methods may include forming an anolyte and catholyte precursor.

An apparatus and method for a mandrel used during an electroforming process. The mandrel is formed of a structural wax and includes a metallic layer utilized to formulate a metal component. During the electroforming process, the mandrel is actively cooled utilizing a closed loop. The closed loop includes the mandrel and a heat exchanger through which a coolant flows.

An apparatus and method for a mandrel used during an electroforming process. The mandrel is formed of a structural wax and includes a metallic layer utilized to formulate a metal component. During the electroforming process, the mandrel is actively cooled utilizing a closed loop. The closed loop includes the mandrel and a heat exchanger through which a coolant flows.

A method for producing a zinc coating optimized for coefficient of friction on a steel component. In order to provide such a method resulting in a coating having good corrosion protection properties, good adhesion and a stable, constantly low coefficient of friction, including in the case of repeated use of the steel component, in particular multiple draft, wherein the method can be carried out both easily and cost-effectively, a zinc coating is first applied to the surface of the steel component by a galvanic deposition process and subsequently a heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of below 420° C. for the specific forming of intermetallic zinc-iron phases in the galvanically deposited zinc layer in order to optimize the coefficient of friction of the steel component.

A method for producing a zinc coating optimized for coefficient of friction on a steel component. In order to provide such a method resulting in a coating having good corrosion protection properties, good adhesion and a stable, constantly low coefficient of friction, including in the case of repeated use of the steel component, in particular multiple draft, wherein the method can be carried out both easily and cost-effectively, a zinc coating is first applied to the surface of the steel component by a galvanic deposition process and subsequently a heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of below 420° C. for the specific forming of intermetallic zinc-iron phases in the galvanically deposited zinc layer in order to optimize the coefficient of friction of the steel component.

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for forming the metal oxide nanostructure on surfaces are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the nanostructures can be formed on a substrate made of a nickel titanium alloy, resulting in a nanostructure that can include both titanium oxide and nickel oxide. The nanostructure can be formed on the surface(s) of an implantable medical device, such as a stent.

Embodiments of methods and apparatuses for forming the metal oxide nanostructure on surfaces are disclosed. In certain embodiments, the nanostructures can be formed on a substrate made of a nickel titanium alloy, resulting in a nanostructure that can include both titanium oxide and nickel oxide. The nanostructure can be formed on the surface(s) of an implantable medical device, such as a stent.

The present invention discloses a system for 3D printing by using meniscus-confined electrodeposition, using at least one pipette, carrying at least one electrolyte, at least one means of thickness or deposition rate assessment and at least one motion control mechanism, configured to allow the deposition of at least one deposited metal on a substrate. The invention also discloses a method of 3D printing, characterized by one or more steps of meniscus-confined electrodepositing, using at least one pipette, carrying at least one electrolyte, utilizing at least one means of thickness or deposition rate assessment and at least one motion control mechanism, thereby enabling the deposing of at least one deposited metal on a substrate.

The present invention discloses a system for 3D printing by using meniscus-confined electrodeposition, using at least one pipette, carrying at least one electrolyte, at least one means of thickness or deposition rate assessment and at least one motion control mechanism, configured to allow the deposition of at least one deposited metal on a substrate. The invention also discloses a method of 3D printing, characterized by one or more steps of meniscus-confined electrodepositing, using at least one pipette, carrying at least one electrolyte, utilizing at least one means of thickness or deposition rate assessment and at least one motion control mechanism, thereby enabling the deposing of at least one deposited metal on a substrate.

Process for the fabrication of an electrode structure comprising an electrochemically active material suitable for use in an energy storage device. The method includes electrodepositing the electrochemically active material onto an electrode in electrodeposition bath containing a non-aqueous electrolyte. The electrode structure can be used for various applications such as electrochemical energy storage devices including high power and high-energy lithium-ion batteries.