The present disclosure is directed to compositions comprising at least one layer having first and second surfaces, each layer comprising: a substantially two-dimensional array of crystal cells, each crystal cell having an empirical formula of M.sub.2M.sub.nX.sub.n+1, such that each X is positioned within an octahedral array of M and M; wherein M and M each comprise different Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metals; each X is C, N, or a combination thereof; n=1 or 2; and wherein the M atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional outer arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; the M atoms are substantially present as two-dimensional inner arrays of atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells; and the two dimensional inner arrays of M atoms are sandwiched between the two-dimensional outer arrays of M atoms within the two-dimensional array of crystal cells.

A method for forming a transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. The method comprises depositing a plurality of metal nanowires on a surface of a substrate, the metal nanowires being dispersed in a liquid; and forming a metal nanowire network layer on the substrate by allowing the liquid to dry.

A method for forming a transparent conductor including a conductive layer coated on a substrate is described. The method comprises depositing a plurality of metal nanowires on a surface of a substrate, the metal nanowires being dispersed in a liquid; and forming a metal nanowire network layer on the substrate by allowing the liquid to dry.

A coated substrate is formed with aligned objects such as small molecules, macromolecules and nanoscale particulates, such as inorganic, organic or inorganic/organic hybrid materials. In accordance with one or more embodiments, an apparatus or method involves an applicator having at least one surface patterned with protruded or indented features, and a coated substrate including a solution-based layer of objects having features and morphology attributes arranged as a function of the protruded or indented features.

A coated substrate is formed with aligned objects such as small molecules, macromolecules and nanoscale particulates, such as inorganic, organic or inorganic/organic hybrid materials. In accordance with one or more embodiments, an apparatus or method involves an applicator having at least one surface patterned with protruded or indented features, and a coated substrate including a solution-based layer of objects having features and morphology attributes arranged as a function of the protruded or indented features.

Stable crystalline Form II and stable crystalline Form III of ivabradine hydrochloride and processes for their preparation are disclosed.

Stable crystalline Form II and stable crystalline Form III of ivabradine hydrochloride and processes for their preparation are disclosed.

Stable crystalline Form II and stable crystalline Form III of ivabradine hydrochloride and processes for their preparation are disclosed.

Stable crystalline Form II and stable crystalline Form III of ivabradine hydrochloride and processes for their preparation are disclosed.

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for forming an oriented nanowire material as well as a method for forming a conductive structure, which can be used to solve the problem of imperfect process for forming oriented nanowire material in prior art. The method for forming an oriented nanowire material of the present invention comprises: forming a liquid film in a closed frame by a dispersion containing nanowires; expanding the closed frame in a first direction so that the liquid film expands in the first direction along with the closed frame; contracting the closed frame in the first direction so that the liquid film contracts in the first direction along with the closed frame; transferring the contracted liquid film to a substrate; and curing the liquid film to form an oriented nanowire material on the substrate.