A light emitting photonic crystal having an organic light emitting diode and methods of making the same are disclosed. An organic light emitting diode disposed within a photonic structure having a band-gap, or stop-band, allows the photonic structure to emit light at wavelengths occurring at the edges of the band-gap. Photonic crystal structures that provide this function may include materials having a refractive index that varies.

A light emitting photonic crystal having an organic light emitting diode and methods of making the same are disclosed. An organic light emitting diode disposed within a photonic structure having a band-gap, or stop-band, allows the photonic structure to emit light at wavelengths occurring at the edges of the band-gap. Photonic crystal structures that provide this function may include materials having a refractive index that varies.

In one aspect, the invention relates to a compound of the structure:

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or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a crystalline form of this compound, having neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising this compound; methods of using this compound; and processes for preparing this compound.

In one aspect, the invention relates to a compound of the structure:

##STR00001##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a crystalline form of this compound, having neprilysin inhibition activity. In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising this compound; methods of using this compound; and processes for preparing this compound.

The invention generally relates to systems with anti-fouling control and methods for controlling fouling within a channel of a plug flow crystallizer. In certain aspects, the invention provides a system that includes a plug flow crystallizer having a channel, one or more heating/cooling elements, each operably associated with a different segment of the channel, and a controller. The controller is operably coupled to the one or more heating/cooling elements and configured to implement a temperature profile within the channel of the plug flow crystallizer that grows crystals in a plug of fluid that flows through a first segment of the channel and dissolves encrust in a second segment of the channel while having minimal impact on crystal growth in the plug of fluid in the second segment of the channel. In certain embodiments, these segments may be cyclically alternated, in that the segment in which crystal grows in one cycle becomes the segment in which crystal dissolves in the next cycle and vice versa, to realize a fully continuous crystallization process.

The invention generally relates to systems with anti-fouling control and methods for controlling fouling within a channel of a plug flow crystallizer. In certain aspects, the invention provides a system that includes a plug flow crystallizer having a channel, one or more heating/cooling elements, each operably associated with a different segment of the channel, and a controller. The controller is operably coupled to the one or more heating/cooling elements and configured to implement a temperature profile within the channel of the plug flow crystallizer that grows crystals in a plug of fluid that flows through a first segment of the channel and dissolves encrust in a second segment of the channel while having minimal impact on crystal growth in the plug of fluid in the second segment of the channel. In certain embodiments, these segments may be cyclically alternated, in that the segment in which crystal grows in one cycle becomes the segment in which crystal dissolves in the next cycle and vice versa, to realize a fully continuous crystallization process.

A photovoltaic device that absorbs optical energy and generates electrical energy, the photovoltaic device including a base; a two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly located on the base, wherein the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly includes an inorganic layer sandwiched by first and second organic layers; and first and second electrodes formed on a surface of the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly, opposite to the base. A location of the first and second electrodes is selected to define a layer-edge 0 surface, which extends within the surface of the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly, parallel to an edge of the inorganic layer.

The present invention relates to processes for preparing 6-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenylamino)-7-fluoro-3-methyl-3H-benzoimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyoxy)-amide, processes for preparing crystallized 6-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenylamino)-7-fluoro-3-methyl-3H-benzoimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyoxy)-amide, and intermediates useful therefore. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising this crystallized compound.

The present invention relates to processes for preparing 6-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenylamino)-7-fluoro-3-methyl-3H-benzoimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyoxy)-amide, processes for preparing crystallized 6-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenylamino)-7-fluoro-3-methyl-3H-benzoimidazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyoxy)-amide, and intermediates useful therefore. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising this crystallized compound.

A photovoltaic device that absorbs optical energy and generates electrical energy, the photovoltaic device including a base; a two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly located on the base, wherein the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly includes an inorganic layer sandwiched by first and second organic layers; and first and second electrodes formed on a surface of the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly, opposite to the base. A location of the first and second electrodes is selected to define a layer-edge 0 surface, which extends within the surface of the 2D organic-inorganic perovskite layer assembly, parallel to an edge of the inorganic layer.