Integrated process for the synthesis of ammonia and nitric acid, comprising a synthesis of nitric acid including the following steps: a) subjecting a stream of ammonia (10) to catalytic oxidation, obtaining a gaseous stream containing nitrogen oxides (13); b) subjecting said gaseous stream to a process of absorption of nitrogen oxides, providing nitric acid (16) and a tail gas (17) containing nitrogen and residual nitrogen oxides; c) subjecting at least a portion of said first tail gas (17) to a process of removal of nitrogen oxides, providing a nitrogen oxides-depleted tail gas (18), and comprising a synthesis of ammonia by catalytic conversion of a make-up gas (126, 226) comprising hydrogen and nitrogen in an ammonia synthesis loop, wherein at least a portion (18b, 18d, 21) of said second tail gas is used as nitrogen source for obtaining said make-up gas (126, 226).

A chemical plant and operating method therefor; the chemical plant comprises a steam turbine having a shaft, a first pressure turbine stage and a second pressure turbine stage, each being arranged on the shaft and being connected in series in terms of the steam process; steam for driving the steam turbine is obtained from a reactor plant, said reactor plant producing a hydrogen-containing substance from a carbon-containing energy carrier stream; the steam is heated in an overheating step before being supplied to the second pressure turbine stage; the steam turbine has a third pressure turbine stage which is arranged on the shaft and which is connected between the first pressure turbine stage and the second pressure turbine stage in terms of the steam process; and the steam passes through the overheating step after exiting the third pressure turbine stage.

A process for the synthesis of ammonia from a hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the process includes reforming the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce a make-up gas and converting said make-up gas into ammonia, the process is performed in an ammonia synthesis plant requiring an electric power for operation and also requiring a start-up power (Ps) for start-up, wherein a first electric power (P1) is internally produced in the ammonia plant, and a second electric power (P2) is imported, wherein said second electric power is equal to or greater than said start-up power (Ps).

Process for the co-production of methanol and ammonia from a hydrocarbon feed without venting to the atmosphere carbon dioxide captured from the methanol or ammonia synthesis gas and without using expensive air separation units and water gas shift.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of carbon dioxide and ammonia for the production of urea or ammonium carbamate from residual gases in the steel and metal industries, in particular basic oxygen furnace (BOF) gas and/or blast furnace (BF) gas. The process according to the invention comprises: (a) subjecting a mixture comprising (i) basic oxygen furnace gas and/or blast furnace gas and (ii) steam to a separation-enhanced water gas shift reaction to obtain a first product gas comprising H.sub.2 and N.sub.2 and a second product gas comprising CO.sub.2; (b) subjecting the first product gas originating from step (a) to NH.sub.3 synthesis to obtain a product gas comprising NH.sub.3; and (c) optionally subjecting at least part of the CO.sub.2 originating from step (a) and at least part of the NH.sub.3 originating from step (b) to the synthesis of urea or ammonium carbamate.

Process for the co-production of methanol and ammonia together with urea production from a hydrocarbon feed without venting to the atmosphere carbon dioxide captured from the methanol or ammonia synthesis gas and without using expensive air separation units and water gas shift. Carbon dioxide removal from flue gas from reforming section to convert partially or fully all ammonia into urea. Synergi of having methanol, ammonia and urea production to produce coating material for the urea production.

Systems and methods for the synthesis of ammonia includes a reformer; a carbon monoxide converter; a carbon dioxide scrubber unit with recovery; a methanation unit; and an ammonia synthesis unit; wherein the carbon dioxide scrubber unit with recovery is connected to at least one fired auxiliary steam boiler.

A process for producing an ammonia synthesis gas, said process comprising the steps of: —Reforming a hydrocarbon feed in a reforming step thereby obtaining a synthesis gas comprising CH.sub.4, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 and H.sub.2O, —Shifting the synthesis gas in one in or more shift steps in series, —Optionally wash the synthesis gas leaving the shift section with water, —Sending the process condensate originating from cooling and washing the synthesis gas leaving the shift section to a process condensate stripper wherein the dissolved shift byproducts and dissolved gases are stripped out of the process condensate using steam resulting in a steam stream containing more than 99% of the dissolved methanol in process condensate. —Adding all or part of said steam stream from the process condensate stripper to the synthesis gas downstream the reforming step, prior to the last shift step, wherein —The steam/carbon ratio in the reforming step and the shift step is less than 2.6.

A process for co-production of methanol and ammonia in parallel based on autothermal reforming with oxygen enriched air from electrolysis of water and separation of air and preparation of ammonia with hydrogen from the electrolysis of water and nitrogen from the separation of air.

An apparatus for producing ammonia or hydrogen may include a) a gas stream feed conduit having a connecting conduit to a steam reformer with a waste heat section; b) a heat exchanger downstream of the gas stream feed conduit; c) a gas stream preheater downstream of the heat exchanger; d) a recirculation conduit which is located downstream of the gas stream preheater and leads to the gas stream feed conduit or, upstream of the heat exchanger, to the connecting conduit; and e) the steam reformer with the waste heat section, where the waste heat section may be in thermal contact with the gas stream preheater and the flow of the gas stream which has been heated in the gas stream preheater through the recirculation conduit can be regulated. A process for producing ammonia or hydrogen may employ such an apparatus.