Phase-changing fuel compositions which can generate hydrogen are provided herein. The compositions can comprise a hydrogen carrier at least partially dissolved in a polar organic solvent. The hydrogen carrier includes ammonia borane and an alkylamine borane such as methylamine borane or methylenediamine bisborane. The hydrogen carrier act as the primary fuel source in the compositions and can be present in an amount of at least 60% by weight, based on the weight of the hydrogen generation composition. The hydrogen generation compositions are a liquid at temperatures of 5° C. or greater or 25° C. or greater. Methods for the production of hydrogen from the hydrogen generation compositions are further disclosed.

Systems and methods use bimetallic alloy particles for converting hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S) to hydrogen (H.sub.2) and sulfur (S), typically during multiple operations. In a first operation, metal alloy composite particles can be converted to a composite metal sulfide. In a second operation, composite metal sulfide from the first operation can be regenerated back to the metal alloy composite particle using an inert gas stream. Pure, or substantially pure, sulfur can also be generated during the second operation.

The present invention is generally directed to processes and systems for the purification and conversion of CO.sub.2 into low-carbon or zero-carbon high quality fuels and chemicals using renewable energy. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for producing a stream comprising at least 90 mol % CO.sub.2. In certain cases, the CO.sub.2 stream is processed to make low carbon fuels and chemicals. In this process at least a portion of the CO.sub.2 is reacted with a stream comprising H.sub.2 in a Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reactor to produce a product stream that comprises CO.

The present invention is generally directed to processes and systems for the purification and conversion of CO.sub.2 into low-carbon or zero-carbon high quality fuels and chemicals using renewable energy. In one aspect, the present invention provides a process for producing a stream comprising at least 90 mol % CO.sub.2. In certain cases, the CO.sub.2 stream is processed to make low carbon fuels and chemicals. In this process at least a portion of the CO.sub.2 is reacted with a stream comprising H.sub.2 in a Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reactor to produce a product stream that comprises CO.

A method and process of producing gasoline and diesel from hydrocarbon wastes, by gradually heating the hydrocarbon waste in a reducing atmosphere, up to 550° C. During the heating process and at various temperature points long chains of hydrocarbon are broken down into smaller hydrocarbon chains. During the heating process radical hydrogen gas is introduced to the reactor where the radical hydrogen gas reacts with smaller hydrocarbon chains to produce 45% coke petroleum oil, 45% liquid hydrocarbons composed of gasoline and gasoil and 10% gases including methane, ethane, propane and steam. The radicalized hydrogen atoms are produced at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Hydrogen gas is produced by dissolving aluminum scraps are dissolved in s sodium hydroxide solution in a reactor. As hydrogen gas is produced the reactor is heated to 120° C. in the presence of electromagnetic waves causing the breakdown of hydrogen gas into hydrogen gas radicals.

A method and process of producing gasoline and diesel from hydrocarbon wastes, by gradually heating the hydrocarbon waste in a reducing atmosphere, up to 550° C. During the heating process and at various temperature points long chains of hydrocarbon are broken down into smaller hydrocarbon chains. During the heating process radical hydrogen gas is introduced to the reactor where the radical hydrogen gas reacts with smaller hydrocarbon chains to produce 45% coke petroleum oil, 45% liquid hydrocarbons composed of gasoline and gasoil and 10% gases including methane, ethane, propane and steam. The radicalized hydrogen atoms are produced at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. Hydrogen gas is produced by dissolving aluminum scraps are dissolved in s sodium hydroxide solution in a reactor. As hydrogen gas is produced the reactor is heated to 120° C. in the presence of electromagnetic waves causing the breakdown of hydrogen gas into hydrogen gas radicals.

The present disclosure is directed to the integration of direct air capture of carbon dioxide with thermochemical water splitting, the latter optionally driven by solar energy. The disclosure is also directed to a process comprising extracting carbon dioxide from an air stream by contacting the air-stream with an alkali metal ion-transition metal oxide of empirical formula A.sub.xMO.sub.2 (0.1<x≤1), where A represents the alkali metal ion comprising sodium ion, potassium ion, or a combination thereof and M comprises iron, manganese, or a combination thereof to form a transition metal composition comprising an oxidized ion extracted-transition metal oxide.

A gas permeable layer capable of supplying hydrogen includes a thin layer, encapsulating a hydrogen production formula. An outer side of the thin layer is airtight. An inner side is air-permeable. An inner side surface has a plurality of small holes. The thin layer can be a single layer or a composite layer. The hydrogen production formula does not dissipate. The hydrogen production formula absorbs moisture in the air or liquid water, thereby generating hydrogen. The hydrogen is released onto the skin and into the human body through the small holes. The hydrogen production formula includes metal peroxides, metal hydroxides, or metal hydrides and aluminum powder, or microsilica. The gas permeable layer can be used in sanitary products including eye masks, mouth masks, face masks, cosmetic facial masks, bras, pasties, nursing pads, sanitary napkins (towels), diapers, panty liners, wound dressing, woundplasts, bandage gauze, decubitus pads.

A gas permeable layer capable of supplying hydrogen includes a thin layer, encapsulating a hydrogen production formula. An outer side of the thin layer is airtight. An inner side is air-permeable. An inner side surface has a plurality of small holes. The thin layer can be a single layer or a composite layer. The hydrogen production formula does not dissipate. The hydrogen production formula absorbs moisture in the air or liquid water, thereby generating hydrogen. The hydrogen is released onto the skin and into the human body through the small holes. The hydrogen production formula includes metal peroxides, metal hydroxides, or metal hydrides and aluminum powder, or microsilica. The gas permeable layer can be used in sanitary products including eye masks, mouth masks, face masks, cosmetic facial masks, bras, pasties, nursing pads, sanitary napkins (towels), diapers, panty liners, wound dressing, woundplasts, bandage gauze, decubitus pads.

A composition for hydrogen (H.sub.2) storage and generation including lithium aluminum hydride (LAIN is provided. The composition includes a mixture of LiAlH.sub.4 and a catalytic metal additive designed to tailor the kinetics of hydrogen release. The LiAlH.sub.4 and catalytic metal additive and are gently mixed together in order to physically disperse the LiAlH.sub.4 and catalyst powders without causing a detrimental chemical interaction. The hydrogen capacity of the composition is substantially not reduced or decreased (e.g., undergoes less than about 5% reduction) during the mixing process.