A process method for producing a pesticide by using carbon dioxide includes: weighing a 1,3-cyclohexanedione substrate 1(a-e), a catalyst and Cs.sub.2CO.sub.3 in a Schlenk bottle, degassing, and continuously introducing 1 atm of carbon dioxide; adding a solvent and reacting for 48 h in an oil bath at 50° C. After the reaction was completed, post-treatment was carried out to obtain a 2-carboxyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compound 2(a-e). The obtained acid is acylated and then added dropwise to a dichloromethane solution containing aniline to react for 2 h at room temperature. After the reaction, column chromatography was performed to obtain a pesticide compound 3(a-e). Adding the pesticide compound 3(a-e) into 50% concentrated sulfuric acid and refluxing at 80° C. for 8 hours. Through separation, a pesticide product compound 4(a-e) was obtained. The process method is simple, with low requirements on equipment, wide sources of raw materials, low cost, low toxicity and easy industrial scale-up production.

Provided herein are a biofilm inhibiting composition, a biofilm inhibiting article, and a method of reducing planktonic growth or biofilm formation. The biofilm inhibiting composition includes a fluid and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The biofilm inhibiting article includes a substrate and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The method of reducing biofilm formation includes providing a biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA), and contacting an article with the biofilm inhibiting compound.

Provided herein are a biofilm inhibiting composition, a biofilm inhibiting article, and a method of reducing planktonic growth or biofilm formation. The biofilm inhibiting composition includes a fluid and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The biofilm inhibiting article includes a substrate and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The method of reducing biofilm formation includes providing a biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA), and contacting an article with the biofilm inhibiting compound.

Provided herein are a biofilm inhibiting composition, a biofilm inhibiting article, and a method of reducing planktonic growth or biofilm formation. The biofilm inhibiting composition includes a fluid and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The biofilm inhibiting article includes a substrate and at least one biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA). The method of reducing biofilm formation includes providing a biofilm inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of acetoacetate (AAA) and ethyl acetoacetate (EAA), and contacting an article with the biofilm inhibiting compound.

The current invention provides a kit of parts for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution comprising: (a) a water miscible organic solvent selected from the list of a glycol ether, a glycerol formal, dimethylsulfoxide, gamma-butyrolactone or mixtures thereof, (b) an alkoxylated alcohol with an average of 6 to 80 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 60 moles of propylene oxide per mole of alcohol; and (c) a pesticidal active ingredient. The invention further provides a composition for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution, a method for producing such a composition and a method for treating an agricultural crop. In addition the invention provides some advantageous pesticidal compositions.

The current invention provides a kit of parts for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution comprising: (a) a water miscible organic solvent selected from the list of a glycol ether, a glycerol formal, dimethylsulfoxide, gamma-butyrolactone or mixtures thereof, (b) an alkoxylated alcohol with an average of 6 to 80 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 60 moles of propylene oxide per mole of alcohol; and (c) a pesticidal active ingredient. The invention further provides a composition for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution, a method for producing such a composition and a method for treating an agricultural crop. In addition the invention provides some advantageous pesticidal compositions.

The current invention provides a kit of parts for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution comprising: (a) a water miscible organic solvent selected from the list of a glycol ether, a glycerol formal, dimethylsulfoxide, gamma-butyrolactone or mixtures thereof, (b) an alkoxylated alcohol with an average of 6 to 80 moles of ethylene oxide and 2 to 60 moles of propylene oxide per mole of alcohol; and (c) a pesticidal active ingredient. The invention further provides a composition for producing an emulsifiable pesticide solution, a method for producing such a composition and a method for treating an agricultural crop. In addition the invention provides some advantageous pesticidal compositions.

Disclosed is a process for performing a reductive amination of a first functional group in an organic feed substrate, which feed substrate comprises at least one further functional group containing a halogen atom, wherein the halogen atom is selected from the list consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, and combinations thereof, in the presence of hydrogen and a heterogeneous catalyst comprising at least one metal from the list of Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, and Ru, and in absence of any catalytic amount of any second metal from the list consisting of Ag, Ni, Co, Sn, Bi, Cu, Au, and combinations thereof. The process is preferably applied for the reductive amination of 2-chloro-benzaldehyde to form 2-chloro-benzyldimethylamine, as an intermediate in the production of active agrochemical compounds and microbicides of the methoximinophenylglyoxylic ester series.

Disclosed is a process for performing a reductive amination of a first functional group in an organic feed substrate, which feed substrate comprises at least one further functional group containing a halogen atom, wherein the halogen atom is selected from the list consisting of chlorine, bromine, iodine, and combinations thereof, in the presence of hydrogen and a heterogeneous catalyst comprising at least one metal from the list of Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir, and Ru, and in absence of any catalytic amount of any second metal from the list consisting of Ag, Ni, Co, Sn, Bi, Cu, Au, and combinations thereof. The process is preferably applied for the reductive amination of 2-chloro-benzaldehyde to form 2-chloro-benzyldimethylamine, as an intermediate in the production of active agrochemical compounds and microbicides of the methoximinophenylglyoxylic ester series.

The present invention is directed to methods of improving plant growth by applying an effective amount of (S)-abscisic acid and glycine betaine to the plant. The present invention is further directed to methods of improving stress tolerance in a plant by applying an effective amount of (S)-abscisic acid and glycine betaine to the plant.