A new type of burning device for producing hydrohalogen compounds.

In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a redox flow battery (RFB) may include a shell, an electrolyte storage tank assembly disposed in the shell, wherein at least a portion of the electrolyte storage tank assembly is supported by the shell, an electrochemical cell, and an electrolyte circulation system configured for fluid communication between the electrolyte storage tank assembly and the electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the electrolyte storage tank assembly defines a tank assembly heat transfer system between an outer surface of the electrolyte storage tank assembly and an inner surface of the shell. In other embodiments, a pump assembly in the electrolyte circulation system is moveable between a first position and a second position. In other embodiments, a gas management system includes a first gas exchange device in fluid communication with the catholyte headspace and the anolyte.

Modular, portable processes and apparatus for the production of tight gas (including shale gas) and tight oil (including shale oil) and for the conversion of tight oil into a plurality of marketable fuels are described which enable easy deployment and start-up and are specifically useful in remote areas. Furthermore, these modular processes and apparatus are configured to use co-produced tight gas as a source of processing energy. Another feature of the modular processes is to substantially reduce the use of fracking water and process water. In some embodiments modular processes include (A) Purified Salt Production; (B) Modular Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Production; (C) Hydrogen Production by Autothermal Reformer; (D) Optimized Hydraulic Fracturing; (E) Desalting with Bi-Electric Configuration with an Interchanger; (F) Desalter Water Recovery and Recyclling; (G) Precut Column with a Gas-Fired Heater; (H) Crude Distillation with a Gas-Fired Heater; (I) Hydrodesulfurization using Reactive Distillation; and (J) Vacuum Distillation.

A method by which an environmental energy (e.g., wave energy) is harvested, converted into electrical power, and thereafter used to electrolyze seawater into hydrogen and chlorine gases. Those gases are recombined into hydrogen chloride from which is formed hydrochloric acid solution which is diluted and deposited at a depth sufficient to ensure its neutralization and sequestration for a significant period of time (e.g., for over a millennium). By removing chloride ions from a portion of the sea adjacent to its upper surface and depositing them into a portion of the sea more adjacent to its bottom, acidity is shifted from the surface to base of the sea, and the surface ocean is given a greater ability to absorb and buffer atmospheric carbon dioxide without a corresponding increase in acidity.

A process (10) for the treatment of a lithium containing material, the process comprising the steps of: (i) Preparing a process solution from the lithium containing material (12); (ii) Passing the process solution from step (i) to a series of impurity removal steps (36) thereby providing a substantially purified lithium chloride solution; and (iii) Passing the purified lithium chloride solution of step (ii) to an electrolysis step (70) thereby producing a lithium hydroxide solution.

Provided is a method for producing a hydrogen chloride that is capable of efficiently producing a hydrogen chloride with a simple facility. The hydrogen chloride is produced by a method including obtaining chlorine and hydrogen by electrolyzing an inorganic chloride aqueous solution of which a pH is 3 to 5, obtaining a crude hydrogen chloride by reacting the chlorine and the hydrogen obtained in the electrolyzing at 1000 C. to 1500 C. with a use of an excess quantity of the hydrogen with respect to the chlorine in a molar ratio, dehydrating the crude hydrogen chloride obtained in the reacting, and compressing and liquefying the dehydrated crude hydrogen chloride obtained in the dehydrating, and purifying the liquid crude hydrogen chloride by distillation.

A new type of burning device for producing hydrohalogen compounds.

A process (10) for the treatment of a lithium containing material, the process comprising the steps of: (i) Preparing a process solution from the lithium containing material (12); (ii) Passing the process solution from step (i) to a series of impurity removal steps (36) thereby providing a substantially purified lithium chloride solution; and (iii) Passing the purified lithium chloride solution of step (ii) to an electrolysis step (70) thereby producing a lithium hydroxide solution.

A method by which an environmental energy (e.g., wave energy) is harvested, converted into electrical power, and thereafter used to electrolyze seawater into hydrogen and chlorine gases. Those gases are recombined into hydrogen chloride from which is formed hydrochloric acid solution which is diluted and deposited at a depth sufficient to ensure its neutralization and sequestration for a significant period of time (e.g., for over a millennium). By removing chloride ions from a portion of the sea adjacent to its upper surface and depositing them into a portion of the sea more adjacent to its bottom, acidity is shifted from the surface to base of the sea, and the surface ocean is given a greater ability to absorb and buffer atmospheric carbon dioxide without a corresponding increase in acidity.

Methods and composition are provided for deriving cement and/or supplementary cementitious materials, such as pozzolans, from one or more non-limestone materials, such as one or more non-limestone rocks and/or minerals. The non-limestone materials, e.g., non-limestone rocks and/or minerals, are processed in a manner that a desired product, e.g., cement and/or supplementary cementitious material, is produced.