Portable/transportable apparatuses, methods, and systems for generating and delivering sulfur trioxide on-site or near an item to be treated is provided. A method for extracting hydrocarbons from deposits containing a clathrate hydrate such as methane hydrates includes a step of delivering sulfur trioxide to an ice deposit containing a clathrate hydrate and subsequently extracting linear or branched hydrocarbons.

Portable/transportable apparatuses, methods, and systems for generating and delivering sulfur trioxide on-site or near an item to be treated is provided. A method for extracting hydrocarbons from deposits containing a clathrate hydrate such as methane hydrates includes a step of delivering sulfur trioxide to an ice deposit containing a clathrate hydrate and subsequently extracting linear or branched hydrocarbons.

A reactor having a shell comprising one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.

A reactor having a shell comprising one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.

A reactor having a shell comprising one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.

A reactor having a shell comprising one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.

A process may involve digesting raw phosphate with concentrated sulfuric acid and converting the raw phosphate to calcium sulfate in the form of dihydrate and/or hemihydrate, and phosphoric acid, separating off calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension that is obtained, treating the calcium sulfate that is separated off or from a stockpile with an acid to give a suspension with purified calcium sulfate and P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing acid solution, separating off the purified calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension obtained, using the P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing liquid phase as a portion of the sulfuric acid required for digesting the raw phosphate or as feedstock for treating phosphogypsum from the stockpile to give a suspension of purified calcium sulfate and P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing acid solution, which is thereafter processed.

A process may involve digesting raw phosphate with concentrated sulfuric acid and converting the raw phosphate to calcium sulfate in the form of dihydrate and/or hemihydrate, and phosphoric acid, separating off calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension that is obtained, treating the calcium sulfate that is separated off or from a stockpile with an acid to give a suspension with purified calcium sulfate and P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing acid solution, separating off the purified calcium sulfate as solid from a liquid phase of a suspension obtained, using the P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing liquid phase as a portion of the sulfuric acid required for digesting the raw phosphate or as feedstock for treating phosphogypsum from the stockpile to give a suspension of purified calcium sulfate and P.sub.2O.sub.5-containing acid solution, which is thereafter processed.

The present invention relates to a method and a device for biological production of sulfuric acid. The invention allows the use of high concentrations of sulfur as a feed for microbiological oxidation, resulting in high conversion of sulfur to sulfuric acid and, consequently, high sulfuric acid yields, which are obtained in an environmentally friendly way.

The present invention relates to a method and a device for biological production of sulfuric acid. The invention allows the use of high concentrations of sulfur as a feed for microbiological oxidation, resulting in high conversion of sulfur to sulfuric acid and, consequently, high sulfuric acid yields, which are obtained in an environmentally friendly way.