An artificial graphite material A. The artificial graphite material A is secondary particles are provided. In some embodiments, a surface roughness η.sub.A of the artificial graphite material A satisfies 6≤η.sub.A≤12. This application further provides an artificial graphite material B. The artificial graphite material B is primary particles, where a surface roughness η.sub.B of the artificial graphite material B satisfies 2.5≤η.sub.B≤5. This application further provides a secondary battery containing the artificial graphite material A and/or the artificial graphite material B and an electric apparatus. The secondary battery provided by this application can have high energy density and long service life.

An artificial graphite and a preparation method thereof, a secondary battery containing the artificial graphite, and an electric apparatus are provided. The artificial graphite includes secondary particles and satisfies A≥0.5, where A is a ratio of a powder compacted density of the artificial graphite at 2 t pressure to a particle size by volume D.sub.v1 of the artificial graphite. The secondary battery provided in this application can have low cyclic volume swelling while maintaining high energy density.

An artificial graphite and a preparation method thereof, a secondary battery containing the artificial graphite, and an electric apparatus are provided. The artificial graphite includes secondary particles and satisfies A≥0.5, where A is a ratio of a powder compacted density of the artificial graphite at 2 t pressure to a particle size by volume D.sub.v1 of the artificial graphite. The secondary battery provided in this application can have low cyclic volume swelling while maintaining high energy density.

A method of producing at least one or more resins is disclosed. The method includes providing an amount of raw coal. The raw coal includes one or more impurities therein. The method also includes beneficiating the amount of raw coal to selectively removing at least a portion of some of the one or more impurities in the raw coal to form beneficiated coal. Additionally, the method includes processing the beneficiated coal to produce an amount of pitch. The method further includes modifying at least some of the pitch to produce the one or more resins. The one or more resins include a selected amount of a remainder of the one or more impurities that were not removed while beneficiating the amount of the raw coal, processing the beneficiated coal, and modifying at least some of the pitch.

A method of producing at least one or more resins is disclosed. The method includes providing an amount of raw coal. The raw coal includes one or more impurities therein. The method also includes beneficiating the amount of raw coal to selectively removing at least a portion of some of the one or more impurities in the raw coal to form beneficiated coal. Additionally, the method includes processing the beneficiated coal to produce an amount of pitch. The method further includes modifying at least some of the pitch to produce the one or more resins. The one or more resins include a selected amount of a remainder of the one or more impurities that were not removed while beneficiating the amount of the raw coal, processing the beneficiated coal, and modifying at least some of the pitch.

A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include providing coal to a processing facility, beneficiating the coal to remove impurities from the coal, processing the beneficiated coal to produce a pitch, and treating the pitch to produce an advanced carbon material such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, polymers, biomaterials, or other carbon materials.

A method of producing advanced carbon materials can include providing coal to a processing facility, beneficiating the coal to remove impurities from the coal, processing the beneficiated coal to produce a pitch, and treating the pitch to produce an advanced carbon material such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon fibers, polymers, biomaterials, or other carbon materials.

Provided is a laminated graphitic layer as an elastic heat spreader, the layer comprising: (A) a plurality of graphitic or graphene films prepared from (i) graphitization of a polymer film or pitch film, (ii) aggregation or bonding of graphene sheets, or (iii) a combination of (i) and (ii), wherein the graphitic or graphene film has a thermal conductivity of at least 200 W/mK, an electrical conductivity no less than 3,000 S/cm, and a physical density from 1.5 to 2.25 g/cm.sup.3; and (B) a conducting polymer network adhesive that bonds together the graphitic or graphene films to form the laminated graphitic layer; wherein the conductive polymer network adhesive is in an amount from 0.001% to 30% by weight and wherein the laminated graphitic layer preferably has a fully recoverable tensile elastic strain from 1% to 50% and an in-plane thermal conductivity from 100 W/mK to 1,750 W/mK.

Disclosed are a graphite sheet formed from a polyimide film having a molecular orientation ratio of at least about 1.25, and a method for producing the same.

Disclosed are a graphite sheet formed from a polyimide film having a molecular orientation ratio of at least about 1.25, and a method for producing the same.