A process for preparing phyllomineral synthetic particles formed from constituent chemical elements in stoichiometric proportions including at least one chemical element selected from the group formed from silicon and germanium, and at least one chemical element selected from the group formed from divalent metals and trivalent metals, by a continuous solvothermal treatment at a pressure above 1 MPa and at a temperature between 100 C. and 600 C., by making the reaction medium circulate continuously in a solvothermal treatment zone of a continuous reactor (15) with a residence time of the reaction medium in the solvothermal treatment zone that is suitable for continuously obtaining, at the outlet of the solvothermal treatment zone, a suspension including the phyllomineral synthetic particles.

The present invention provides an olivine-type positive active material precursor for a lithium battery that includes MXO.sub.4-zB.sub.z (wherein M is one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Zr, Nb, Cu, V, Ti, Zn, Al, Ga, Mg, B, and a combination thereof, X is one element selected from the group consisting of P, As, Bi, Sb, and a combination thereof, B is one element selected from the group consisting of F, S, and a combination thereof, and 0z0.5) particles, and the precursor has a particle diameter of 1 to 20 m, a tap density of 0.8 to 2.1 g/cm.sup.3, and a specific surface area of 1 to 10 m.sup.2/g. The olivine-type positive active material prepared using the olivine-type positive active material precursor has excellent crystallinity of particles, a large particle diameter, and a high tap density, and therefore shows excellent electrochemical characteristics and capacity per unit volume.

The present invention provides an olivine-type positive active material precursor for a lithium battery that includes MXO.sub.4-zB.sub.z (wherein M is one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cr, Zr, Nb, Cu, V, Ti, Zn, Al, Ga, Mg, B, and a combination thereof, X is one element selected from the group consisting of P, As, Bi, Sb, and a combination thereof, B is one element selected from the group consisting of F, S, and a combination thereof, and 0z0.5) particles, and the precursor has a particle diameter of 1 to 20 m, a tap density of 0.8 to 2.1 g/cm.sup.3, and a specific surface area of 1 to 10 m.sup.2/g. The olivine-type positive active material prepared using the olivine-type positive active material precursor has excellent crystallinity of particles, a large particle diameter, and a high tap density, and therefore shows excellent electrochemical characteristics and capacity per unit volume.

A mineral carbonation process, characterized in that the silicate feedstock is thermally activated by using heat generated from the combustion of fuel prior to reacting the activated slurry feedstock with carbon dioxide.

A process for preparing a magnetic talcous composition including mineral particles, referred to as magnetic talcous particles, having a non-zero magnetic susceptibility, in which, during an oxidative contacting step, talcous particles chosen from the group formed from 2:1 lamellar silicates having a zero electric charge are brought into contact with particles including at least one magnetic iron oxide chosen from the group formed from magnetite and maghemite, the magnetic particles having a mean equivalent diameter of between 1 nm and 50 nm. A magnetic talcous composition including mineral particles, referred to as magnetic talcous particles, having a non-zero magnetic susceptibility, at least 20% by weight of talcous particles and at least 0.5% by weight of magnetic particles is also described.

A process for preparing a magnetic talcous composition including mineral particles, referred to as magnetic talcous particles, having a non-zero magnetic susceptibility, in which, during an oxidative contacting step, talcous particles chosen from the group formed from 2:1 lamellar silicates having a zero electric charge are brought into contact with particles including at least one magnetic iron oxide chosen from the group formed from magnetite and maghemite, the magnetic particles having a mean equivalent diameter of between 1 nm and 50 nm. A magnetic talcous composition including mineral particles, referred to as magnetic talcous particles, having a non-zero magnetic susceptibility, at least 20% by weight of talcous particles and at least 0.5% by weight of magnetic particles is also described.

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for processing of ultramafic materials. The ultramafic materials may comprise olivine. The methods and systems described herein may include a high-pressure grinding roll (HPGR) to process the ultramafic materials. The processed ultramafic materials may be added to an aqueous solution to increase an alkalinity of the solution. The processed ultramafic materials may capture carbon dioxide (e.g., atmospheric carbon dioxide.)

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for processing of ultramafic materials. The ultramafic materials may comprise olivine. The methods and systems described herein may include a high-pressure grinding roll (HPGR) to process the ultramafic materials. The processed ultramafic materials may be added to an aqueous solution to increase an alkalinity of the solution. The processed ultramafic materials may capture carbon dioxide (e.g., atmospheric carbon dioxide.)

The present invention may provide talc calciner systems and methods to produce better and more efficient products by engineering a* and b* values for calcinated products perhaps by processing low iron talc in an indirectly heated, multiple zoned calciner which may progressively heat the feed supply at perhaps specifics residence times to produce a desired product.

The present invention may provide talc calciner systems and methods to produce better and more efficient products by engineering a* and b* values for calcinated products perhaps by processing low iron talc in an indirectly heated, multiple zoned calciner which may progressively heat the feed supply at perhaps specifics residence times to produce a desired product.