Provided are a negative electrode active material which includes negative electrode active material particles which includes a silicon oxide (SiO.sub.x, 0<x≤2); and at least one lithium silicate selected from Li.sub.2SiO.sub.3, Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5, and Li.sub.4SiO.sub.4 in at least a part of the silicon oxide. The negative electrode active material particles have a maximum peak position by a Raman spectrum of more than 460 cm.sup.−1 and less than 500 cm.sup.−1. Also provided are a method of preparing the same, and a negative electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode active material.

A process can be used for the preparation of an up-conversion phosphor of the general formula (I):

A.sub.1-x-y-zB*.sub.yB.sub.2SiO.sub.4:Ln.sup.1.sub.x,Ln.sup.2.sub.z,   (I).

The process involves preparing a mixture, introducing the mixture into a reaction chamber of a thermal apparatus, heating the mixture until a thermal treatment temperature is reached with a heating ramp, thermally treating the heated mixture for a holding time of at least 0.02 h, cooling the thermally treated material to room temperature while maintaining a cooling ramp, and obtaining a silicate-based lanthanoid ion-doped phosphor according to formula (I).

A porous calcium silicate hydrate, a preparation method thereof and an adsorbent are provided. The preparation method of the porous calcium silicate hydrate includes: leaching fly ash with an alkali agent to obtain a silicate leaching solution; adding the silicate leaching solution dropwise to a calcium hydroxide suspension at a constant rate, and conducting stirring and a heating reaction to obtain a calcium silicate hydrate gel; and mixing the calcium silicate hydrate gel with an organic alcohol solvent, conducting azeotropic distillation, and then conducting separation, drying and calcination to obtain the porous calcium silicate hydrate.

A porous calcium silicate hydrate, a preparation method thereof and an adsorbent are provided. The preparation method of the porous calcium silicate hydrate includes: leaching fly ash with an alkali agent to obtain a silicate leaching solution; adding the silicate leaching solution dropwise to a calcium hydroxide suspension at a constant rate, and conducting stirring and a heating reaction to obtain a calcium silicate hydrate gel; and mixing the calcium silicate hydrate gel with an organic alcohol solvent, conducting azeotropic distillation, and then conducting separation, drying and calcination to obtain the porous calcium silicate hydrate.

The present invention relates to inorganic fibres having a composition comprising: 61.0 to 70.8 wt % SiO.sub.2; 28.0 to 39.0 wt % CaO; 0.10 to 0.85 wt % MgO other components, if any, providing the balance up to 100 wt %, The sum of SiO.sub.2 and CaO is greater than or equal to 98.8 wt % and the other components comprise less than 0.70 wt % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, if any.

The present invention relates to inorganic fibres having a composition comprising: 61.0 to 70.8 wt % SiO.sub.2; 28.0 to 39.0 wt % CaO; 0.10 to 0.85 wt % MgO other components, if any, providing the balance up to 100 wt %, The sum of SiO.sub.2 and CaO is greater than or equal to 98.8 wt % and the other components comprise less than 0.70 wt % Al.sub.2O.sub.3, if any.

Provided is a novel compound which can be used for positive-electrode catalysts of metal-air batteries. The melilite-type complex oxide according to the present invention is represented by a general formula (BazSr1−z)2CoxFe2−2x(SiyGe1−y)1+xO7 (in the formula, 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, and 0≤z≤1, excluding the case where x=1, y=1, and z=0, the case where x=1, y=1, and z=1, the case where x=1, y=0, and z=0, the case where x=1, y=0, and z=1, the case where x=0, y=0, and z=0, and the case where x=0, y=0, and z=1).

Provided is a novel compound which can be used for positive-electrode catalysts of metal-air batteries. The melilite-type complex oxide according to the present invention is represented by a general formula (BazSr1−z)2CoxFe2−2x(SiyGe1−y)1+xO7 (in the formula, 0≤x≤1, 0≤y≤1, and 0≤z≤1, excluding the case where x=1, y=1, and z=0, the case where x=1, y=1, and z=1, the case where x=1, y=0, and z=0, the case where x=1, y=0, and z=1, the case where x=0, y=0, and z=0, and the case where x=0, y=0, and z=1).

This application provides an anode material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The anode material comprises SiO.sub.x and Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5, wherein SiO.sub.x is dispersed in Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5, and wherein 0≤x≤1.2. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing a silicon oxide SiO.sub.y, a reducing lithium-containing compound and an auxiliary agent, and performing heat treatment to obtain the anode material, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a nucleating conversion agent or a heat absorbent, and 0<y<2. The preparation method provided by this application, by using a nucleating conversion agent or a heat absorbent, can make the lithium silicate in the prepared product is only Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5 without other lithium silicate phases, and because Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5 is insoluble in water, the processing stability problems of the pre-lithiated material, such as gas production of slurry, low viscosity, tailing during coating, pinholes and pores after drying the polar plate, are solved.

This application provides an anode material, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. The anode material comprises SiO.sub.x and Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5, wherein SiO.sub.x is dispersed in Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5, and wherein 0≤x≤1.2. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing a silicon oxide SiO.sub.y, a reducing lithium-containing compound and an auxiliary agent, and performing heat treatment to obtain the anode material, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a nucleating conversion agent or a heat absorbent, and 0<y<2. The preparation method provided by this application, by using a nucleating conversion agent or a heat absorbent, can make the lithium silicate in the prepared product is only Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5 without other lithium silicate phases, and because Li.sub.2Si.sub.2O.sub.5 is insoluble in water, the processing stability problems of the pre-lithiated material, such as gas production of slurry, low viscosity, tailing during coating, pinholes and pores after drying the polar plate, are solved.