A method of making boron oxide nanoparticles. The method can comprise sonochemically treating a composition comprising a boron oxide to form boron oxide nanoparticles. The method allows for the formation of these nanoparticles from non-toxic, inexpensive reagents and ambient reaction conditions. Additionally, the nanoparticles produced by the teachings described herein can be easily surface functionalized.

The present invention relates to the process of purification of boric acid by ion exchange method. Boric acid is dissolved in hot demineralized water. The hot solution is pressure-filtered. The hot saturated solution, which is purified from water-insoluble, is passed through a column containing strong cation exchange resin, followed by a column containing weak anion exchange resin at the same temperature and cooled afterwards. The crystals settling by cooling are separated from the mother liquor, the amount of aqueous solution within them is reduced and then dried. The waste solution formed during crystallization and filtrate formed after separation of crystals from aqueous solution are mixed and used in boric acid dissolving process. The developed method enables the reduction of sodium, sulfate, chloride and iron impurities of technical grade boric acid to less than 1 ppm and is more economic and environmental friendly than current methods.

The invention relates to the complex processing of a nuclear power plant's NPP's liquid, boron-containing waste with a complex composition, being generated during the operation of NPPs, including of ones VVER-type, and can be used to isolate boric and nitric acids and hydroxides of sodium and potassium for their reuse in the NPP process cycle. The invention allows to obtain crystalline boric acid and highly concentrated solutions of nitric acid and hydroxides of sodium and potassium, suitable for reuse in the NPP process cycle and for general industrial use. Conducting electrodialysis at low values of current and voltage provides a reduction of the method's energy intensity. The involvement of all major components of waste mother liquors into the processing reduces the amount of stored and disposed hazardous waste.

A process for recovering valuable products from ore containing boron and lithium, such as jadarite ore, includes an acid digestion step and downstream steps that recover valuable boron-containing and lithium-containing products.

The present invention relates to a nanoparticle composition having antibacterial and exothermic properties and a manufacturing method thereof, more particularly, a nanoparticle composition with very good antibacterial and exothermic properties obtained by preparing an ionized calcium powder from shells obtained through foreign matter removing, cleaning, drying, sintering, cooling and pulverizing processes, and passing it through a tourmaline mixing stage, a surfactant treatment stage, a synthetic resin mixing stage and a nanoparticle molding stage, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The present invention relates to a nanoparticle composition having antibacterial and exothermic properties and a manufacturing method thereof, more particularly, a nanoparticle composition with very good antibacterial and exothermic properties obtained by preparing an ionized calcium powder from shells obtained through foreign matter removing, cleaning, drying, sintering, cooling and pulverizing processes, and passing it through a tourmaline mixing stage, a surfactant treatment stage, a synthetic resin mixing stage and a nanoparticle molding stage, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The present invention related to the technical field of sodium ion batteries, and particularly related to a mono-crystalline cathode material for sodium-ion battery and a preparation method and battery thereof. The mono-crystalline cathode material for sodium-ion battery has a chemical composition formula of Na.sub.1+aNi.sub.1xyzMn.sub.xFe.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2, wherein 0.40a0.25, 0.08x0.5, 0.05y0.5, 0z0.26, the M is one or a combination of two or more selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zn, Co, Mn, Al, Zr, Y, Ca, Li, Rb, Cs, W, Ce, Mo, Ba, Mg, Ta, Nb, V, Sc, Sr, B, F, P or Cu elements. The mono-crystalline cathode material for sodium-ion battery has a specific chemical composition, a mono crystal morphology and good structural stability and integrity. Particle fragmentation can not be produced in the cyclic process, and meanwhile, the cyclic stability of the sodium-ion battery can be improved.

A positive active material manufacturing method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a step of preparing a lithium-containing compound; a step of manufacturing a coating liquid including at least one coating element; a step of mixing the lithium-containing compound and the coating liquid to form a coating mixture of a clay or slurry state; and a step of agitating the coating mixture. Further, a manufacturing apparatus of a positive active material according to an exemplary embodiment includes a rotation container, a cover, a nozzle, and an agitation wing.

An aqueous boric acid dispersion includes boric acid particles having a median particle size range of less than 44 microns and a solids content of boric acid particles of 50% or greater. The boric acid dispersion also includes an effective amount of at least one viscosity reducing agent such that the boric acid dispersion has an initial Brookfield 2 rpm static viscosity of about 5,000 to about 25,000 centipoise and a three week aged Brookfield 2 rpm static viscosity of less than 250,000 centipoise, an optional amount of an alkali metal base, wherein the alkali metal base/boric acid mole ratio in the boric acid dispersion ranges from zero to about 0.01; and the balance water. The boric acid dispersion can be used in the manufacture of wood products like oriented strand board, medium density fiberboard, and particle board as well as to coat wood products to improve their fire retardancy.

A positive electrode active material includes: a particle including a lithium composite oxide; a first layer that is provided on a surface of the particle and includes a lithium composite oxide; and a second layer that is provided on a surface of the first layer. The lithium composite oxide included in the particle and the lithium composite oxide included in the first layer have the same composition or almost the same composition, the second layer includes an oxide or a fluoride, and the lithium composite oxide included in the first layer has lower crystallinity than the lithium composite oxide included in the particle.