A process is presented for the removal of contaminants like oxygenates from hydrocarbons. The contaminant oxygenates are removed from hydrocarbons that may be feed to cracking units. A crude feed stream is fed to a water wash column along with water to remove oxygenates and is subsequently treated with an adsorbent to effectively remove all the oxygenates from the crude hydrocarbon. A regenerant medium from a naphtha hydrotreating unit is used to regenerate the adsorbent.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material having a FAU-type framework M structure comprising YO.sub.2 and X.sub.2O.sub.3, said process comprising: (a) preparing a mixture comprising one or more sources of YO.sub.2, one or more sources of X.sub.2O.sub.3, and one or more structure directing agents (SDA); (b) crystallizing the zeolitic material from the mixture obtained in (a); wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, and wherein the one or more structure directing agents comprise one or more isomers of diaminomethylcyclohexane as well as to a zeolitic material having an FAU-type framework structure obtainable and/or obtained according to the inventive process, to processes for preparing a coated substrate and a shaped body, respectively, from the zeolitic material having a FAU-type framework structure obtainable and/or obtained according to the inventive process, as well as to a method for selectively reducing nitrogen oxides NO.sub.x employing said zeolitic material.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure, wherein Y stands for a tetravalent element, wherein said process comprises the steps of: (1) providing a mixture comprising one or more sources for YO.sub.2, one or more fluoride containing compounds, and one or more structure directing agents; (2) crystallizing the mixture obtained in step (1) for obtaining a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure;
wherein the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2) contains 35 wt.-% or less of H.sub.2O based on 100 wt.-% of YO.sub.2 contained in the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2), as well as to a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure obtainable and/or obtained according to said process, and to a zeolitic material per se comprising SiO.sub.2 in its framework structure, wherein in the .sup.29Si MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized zeolitic material the ratio of the total integration value of the peaks associated to Q3 signals to the total integration value of the peaks associated to Q4 signals is in the range of from 0:100 to 20:80, including the use of the aforementioned zeolitic materials.

The present invention relates to a zeolite material in the form of FAU zeolite nanocrystal aggregates, to the method for preparing said material, to the zeolite agglomerates prepared from said material with a binder, and to the uses of said material and agglomerate as adsorbents for gas-phase or liquid-phase separation operations, and particularly in methods for separating gas or liquid flows.

The present invention relates to a zeolite material in the form of FAU zeolite nanocrystal aggregates, to the method for preparing said material, to the zeolite agglomerates prepared from said material with a binder, and to the uses of said material and agglomerate as adsorbents for gas-phase or liquid-phase separation operations, and particularly in methods for separating gas or liquid flows.

Methods for producing mesoporous zeolites are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes mixing a silicon-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, or both, with a quaternary amine and at least one base to produce a zeolite precursor solution. The zeolite precursor solution is combined with nanocellulose to form a zeolite precursor gel, from which volatiles are removed. The zeolite precursor gel is crystallized to produce a crystalline zeolite intermediate. The crystalline zeolite intermediate is calcined to form the mesoporous zeolite. The nanocellulose mesopores template may include cellulose nanocrystals, nanocellulose fibers, or combinations thereof. The quaternary amine may include tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylamonnium alkoxide, tetrapropylammonium alkoxide, other alkaline materials comprising ammonium, or combinations thereof.

Provided is a method for preparing a Y type molecular sieve having a high silica-to-alumina ratio, comprising: mixing deionized water, a silicon source, an aluminum source, an alkali source, and a tetraalkylammoniumcation source as a template agent to obtain an initial gel mixture; after aging the initial gel mixture at an appropriate temperature, feeding the gel mixture into a high pressure synthesis kettle for crystallization; separating a solid product, and drying to obtain the Y type molecular sieve having a high silica-to-alumina ratio. The method provides a phase-pure Y type molecular sieve having a high crystallinity, the SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3 thereof being not less than 6.

Core @ layered double hydroxide shell materials of the invention have the formula:

T.sub.p@{[M.sup.z+.sub.(1x)M.sub.x.sup.y+(OH).sub.2].sup.a+(X.sup.n).sub.a/n.Math.bH.sub.2O.Math.c(AMO-solvent)}.sub.q

wherein T is a solid, porous, inorganic oxide-containing framework material, M.sup.z+ is a metal cation of charge z or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge z; M.sup.y+ is a metal cation of charge y or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge y; z=1 or 2; y=3 or 4; 0<x<0.9; b is 0 to 10; c is 0.01 to 10; p>0; q>0; X.sup.n is an anion; with n>0; a=z(1x)+xy2; and AMO-solvent is an organic solvent which is completely miscible with water.

Also disclosed are the products obtained by calcining the core @ layered double hydroxide shell materials which calcination products are core @ mixed metal oxide materials having the formula

T.sub.p@[{M.sup.z+.sub.1xM.sup.y+.sub.xO.sub.w].sub.p]

wherein T is a solid, porous, inorganic oxide-containing framework material, M.sup.z+.sub.1xM.sup.y+.sub.xO.sub.w is a mixed metal oxide, or mixture of mixed metal oxides, which may be crystalline or non-crystalline, wherein M.sup.z+ and M.sup.y+ are different charged metal cations; M.sup.z+ is a metal cation of charge z or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge z; M.sup.y+ is a metal cation of charge y or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge y; z is 1 or 2; y is 3 or 4; 0<x<0.9; w>0; p>0 and q>0; is the residue of an X.sup.n anion in which n>0.

Core @ layered double hydroxide shell materials of the invention have the formula:

T.sub.p@{[M.sup.z+.sub.(1x)M.sub.x.sup.y+(OH).sub.2].sup.a+(X.sup.n).sub.a/n.Math.bH.sub.2O.Math.c(AMO-solvent)}.sub.q

wherein T is a solid, porous, inorganic oxide-containing framework material, M.sup.z+ is a metal cation of charge z or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge z; M.sup.y+ is a metal cation of charge y or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge y; z=1 or 2; y=3 or 4; 0<x<0.9; b is 0 to 10; c is 0.01 to 10; p>0; q>0; X.sup.n is an anion; with n>0; a=z(1x)+xy2; and AMO-solvent is an organic solvent which is completely miscible with water.

Also disclosed are the products obtained by calcining the core @ layered double hydroxide shell materials which calcination products are core @ mixed metal oxide materials having the formula

T.sub.p@[{M.sup.z+.sub.1xM.sup.y+.sub.xO.sub.w].sub.p]

wherein T is a solid, porous, inorganic oxide-containing framework material, M.sup.z+.sub.1xM.sup.y+.sub.xO.sub.w is a mixed metal oxide, or mixture of mixed metal oxides, which may be crystalline or non-crystalline, wherein M.sup.z+ and M.sup.y+ are different charged metal cations; M.sup.z+ is a metal cation of charge z or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge z; M.sup.y+ is a metal cation of charge y or a mixture of two or more metal cations each independently having the charge y; z is 1 or 2; y is 3 or 4; 0<x<0.9; w>0; p>0 and q>0; is the residue of an X.sup.n anion in which n>0.

The invention relates generally to a sodium faujasite catalyst, and in particular the use of the sodium faujasite catalyst in producing acrylic acid. In particular, the invention relates to the use of the sodium faujasite catalyst in catalytic dehydration of lactic acid and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) to produce acrylic acid.