Modified zeolite may include a microporous framework including a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm, wherein the microporous framework includes at least silicon atoms and oxygen atoms; a plurality of mesopores having diameters of greater than 2 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm, wherein the plurality of mesopores are ordered with cubic symmetry. The modified zeolite also includes: isolated terminal primary amine functionalities bonded to silicon atoms of the microporous framework; or silazane functionalities, wherein the nitrogen atom of the silazane bridges two silicon atoms of the microporous framework; or both.

A method of making a microporous crystal material, comprising: a. forming a mixture comprising NaOH, water, and one or more of an aluminum source, a silicon source, and a phosphate source, whereupon the mixture forms a gel; b. heating the gel for a first time period, whereupon a first volume of water is removed from the gel and micoroporous crystal nuclei form, the nuclei having a framework; and c.(if a membrane is to be formed) applying the gel to a solid support seeded with microporous crystals having a framework that is the same as the framework of the nuclei; d. heating the gel for a second time period. during which a second volume of water is added to the gel; wherein the rate of addition of the second volume of water is between about 0.5 and about 2.0 fold the rate of removal of the first volume of water.

A method of making a microporous crystal material, comprising: a. forming a mixture comprising NaOH, water, and one or more of an aluminum source, a silicon source, and a phosphate source, whereupon the mixture forms a gel; b. heating the gel for a first time period, whereupon a first volume of water is removed from the gel and micoroporous crystal nuclei form, the nuclei having a framework; and c.(if a membrane is to be formed) applying the gel to a solid support seeded with microporous crystals having a framework that is the same as the framework of the nuclei; d. heating the gel for a second time period. during which a second volume of water is added to the gel; wherein the rate of addition of the second volume of water is between about 0.5 and about 2.0 fold the rate of removal of the first volume of water.

Improved alkylation catalysts, alkylation methods, and methods of making alkylation catalysts are described. The alkylation method comprises reaction over a solid acid, zeolite-based catalyst and can be conducted for relatively long periods at steady state conditions. The alkylation catalyst comprises a crystalline zeolite structure, a Si/Al molar ratio of 20 or less, less than 0.5 weight percent alkali metals, and further having a characteristic catalyst life property. Some catalysts may contain rare earth elements in the range of 10 to 35 wt %. One method of making a catalyst includes a calcination step following exchange of the rare earth element(s) conducted at a temperature of at least 575 C. to stabilize the resulting structure followed by an deammoniation treatment. An improved method of deammoniation uses low temperature oxidation.

The present disclosure is directed to a method of manufacture of zeolite by a non-classical route. A sol-gel process includes an initial homogeneous aqueous mixture comprising precursors and reagents for forming the zeolite, and water-soluble oxidized disulfide oil (ODSO) as an additional component. The resulting zeolite possesses a hierarchical nature that is improved relative to a comparative zeolite formed in the absence of ODSO, via a classical route, and of approximately equivalent compositional ratio, time and conditions effective for the zeolite.

Methods and compositions disclosed concern exfoliated or delaminated lamellar mesoporous crystalline microporous material (CMM), including exfoliated or delaminated layers of a zeolite. In certain embodiments herein methods and compositions concern exfoliated or delaminated FAU zeolite, for example discrete layers of FAU zeolite, obtained by exfoliating/delaminating of a non-pillared two dimensional FAU zeolite comprising layered/stacked sheets.

Methods and compositions disclosed concern exfoliated or delaminated lamellar mesoporous crystalline microporous material (CMM), including exfoliated or delaminated layers of a zeolite. In certain embodiments herein methods and compositions concern exfoliated or delaminated FAU zeolite, for example discrete layers of FAU zeolite, obtained by exfoliating/delaminating of a non-pillared two dimensional FAU zeolite comprising layered/stacked sheets.

A zeolite molded article includes 100 parts by weight of zeolite, 35 parts by weight or more and 70 parts by weight or less of clay, 5 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less of a silica sol and 0.5 parts by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less of a water-soluble sodium salt, having an abrasion resistance of 90% or more, an angle of repose of 40 or less, an aerated bulk density on the surface of the zeolite molded article of 0.5 kg/L or more, and a sphericity of the zeolite molded article of 1 or more and 3 or less. The zeolite contains at least one type of zeolite having Si/Al.sub.2 of 10 or more and 100,000 or less and a moisture adsorption amount of 10 (g/100 g) or less at 25 C. under a relative pressure of 0.5.

A zeolite molded article includes 100 parts by weight of zeolite, 35 parts by weight or more and 70 parts by weight or less of clay, 5 parts by weight or more and 40 parts by weight or less of a silica sol and 0.5 parts by weight or more and 10 parts by weight or less of a water-soluble sodium salt, having an abrasion resistance of 90% or more, an angle of repose of 40 or less, an aerated bulk density on the surface of the zeolite molded article of 0.5 kg/L or more, and a sphericity of the zeolite molded article of 1 or more and 3 or less. The zeolite contains at least one type of zeolite having Si/Al.sub.2 of 10 or more and 100,000 or less and a moisture adsorption amount of 10 (g/100 g) or less at 25 C. under a relative pressure of 0.5.

Zeolite-Y particles may be made by a method that includes forming a zeolite precursor solution that includes an alumina source material, a silica source material, and a solvent. The alumina source material may include aluminum nitrate, aluminum sulfate, or both. The method may further include heating the zeolite precursor solution at a temperature of from 50 C. to 120 C. to form an intermediate mixture, and heating the intermediate mixture at a temperature of from 80 C. to 120 C. to form the zeolite-Y particles. The zeolite-Y particles may have a silica to alumina molar ratio of at least 2.