A novel process and a novel catalyst for the production of light olefins. 1-butene is cracked in the presence of an acid- or base-modified silicalite-1 catalyst bed, wherein the modified silicalite-1 has a Si/Al ratio of greater than 1000. The modification procedures described herein increase the selectivity of the silicalite-1 catalyst toward light olefins such as ethylene and propylene. The catalytic cracking of 1-butene may be carried out in a fixed bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor.

A process for oxygenate conversion using a family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites that is a layered pentasil zeolite with a silica or fluorine modified surface. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula:
M.sub.m.sup.n+R.sub.r.sup.p+Al.sub.1-xE.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z
where M is an alkali, alkaline earth, or rare earth metal such as sodium or potassium, R can be a mixture of organoammonium cations and E is a framework element such as gallium, iron, boron, or indium. These zeolites are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out oxygenate conversion processes.

A process for oxygenate conversion using a family of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites that is a layered pentasil zeolite with a silica or fluorine modified surface. These zeolites are represented by the empirical formula:
M.sub.m.sup.n+R.sub.r.sup.p+Al.sub.1-xE.sub.xSi.sub.yO.sub.z
where M is an alkali, alkaline earth, or rare earth metal such as sodium or potassium, R can be a mixture of organoammonium cations and E is a framework element such as gallium, iron, boron, or indium. These zeolites are characterized by unique x-ray diffraction patterns and compositions and have catalytic properties for carrying out oxygenate conversion processes.

A catalyst contains a metal oxide, and a molecular sieve, in a crystal form, having a topological pore structure. The metal oxide is centrally distributed on the surface of the molecular sieve. Grains of the molecular sieve are exposed to at least three families of crystal planes. The family of crystal plane with the largest pore size in topology is occupied by the metal oxide by no more than 30%, preferably no more than 20%, or no more than 10%.

The present disclosure is directed to a method to synthesize pure silica zeolites. This is accomplished by using an improved sol-gel formulation including a water-soluble fraction of ODSO as an additional component together with precursors and reagents effective for synthesis of pure silica zeolite.

The present disclosure is directed to a method to synthesize pure silica zeolites. This is accomplished by using an improved sol-gel formulation including a water-soluble fraction of ODSO as an additional component together with precursors and reagents effective for synthesis of pure silica zeolite.

A secondary growth procedure described herein is used to prepare finned zeolites. The finned zeolites possess properties that are distinctly unique compared to crystals of similar size lacking fins. The procedure is amenable to a wide range of zeolite crystal structures.