A method for achieving a gas with a variable hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio in a system including splitting a warm raw syngas stream into a first portion and a second portion, the second portioning having a portion flowrate. Sending the first portion of the warm raw syngas stream a carbon monoxide separator, thereby producing a first hydrogen enriched stream and a carbon monoxide rich stream. Sending the second portion of the warm raw syngas stream to a water/gas shift reactor, thereby producing a shifted syngas stream. Combining the first hydrogen enriched stream and the second hydrogen enriched stream and sending the combined stream to a hydrogen separator, thereby producing a product hydrogen stream having a hydrogen flowrate, and varying the hydrogen flowrate by increasing the portion flowrate.

A process for the manufacture of a useful product from carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics, comprising the steps of: continuously providing the carbonaceous feedstock of fluctuating compositional characteristics to a gasification zone; gasifying the carbonaceous feedstock in the gasification zone to obtain raw synthesis gas; recovering at least part of the raw synthesis gas from the gasification zone and supplying at least part of the recovered raw synthesis gas to a partial oxidation zone; equilibrating the H.sub.2:CO ratio of the raw synthesis gas in the partial oxidation zone to obtain equilibrated synthesis gas; recovering at least part of the equilibrated synthesis gas from the partial oxidation zone and treating the gas to remove impurities and generate a fine synthesis gas; and converting the optionally adjusted fine synthesis gas into the useful product in a further chemical reaction requiring a usage ratio.

Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high ort low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.

Process for making a hydrogen-containing synthesis gas (105) from a hydrocarbon feedstock (101), comprising the reforming of said hydrocarbon feedstock and purification of raw synthesis gas, said purification comprising shift conversion of carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and subsequent absorption of carbon dioxide into an absorbing medium (7a, 14), resulting in a stream of a CO2-rich medium (5), and regeneration of said medium with recovery of CO2 absorbed therein, wherein said raw synthesis gas (102) is produced by the reforming step at a pressure of at least 45 bar, said regeneration of the CO2-loaded medium includes a step of chemical regeneration and the CO2-loaded medium has a temperature of at least 150° C. during said chemical regeneration.

The invention provides a scrubbing column for cleaning gas streams laden with absorbent residues, for example with methanol, and also with solid particles, for example with fuel dust. The gas scrubbing is effected by means of a random packing disposed in the lower region of the scrubbing column and the gas scrubbing of the gas stream laden solely with absorbent residues but not with solid particles by means of a structured packing disposed in the upper region of the scrubbing column. The use of the scrubbing column according to the invention in the integrated plant system between a gasification plant and a plant for gas scrubbing which is operated by the Rectisol process, for example, offers particular advantages with regard to its industrial employability owing to the possible connections described, which bring synergies for efficient operation of the integrated plant system.

Proposed are a process and a plant for producing a synthesis gas product stream having an adjustable H.sub.2/CO ratio and a pure hydrogen stream, wherein it is provided according to the invention that a substream of a deacidified synthesis gas stream is supplied to a membrane separation plant fitted with a hydrogen-selective membrane and the remaining substream is supplied to a pressure swing adsorption plant, wherein the latter affords a pure hydrogen stream and a fuel gas stream. The hydrogen-enriched permeate stream obtained from the membrane separation is likewise supplied to the pressure swing adsorption plant, thus enhancing the yield of pure hydrogen. The hydrogen-depleted retentate stream obtained from the membrane separation is discharged as a synthesis gas product stream and if of a suitable composition may be utilized as oxo gas.

Processes and catalysts for producing hydrogen by reforming methane are disclosed, which afford considerable flexibility in terms of the quality of the reformer feed. This can be attributed to the robustness of the noble metal-containing catalysts described herein for use in reforming, such that a number of components commonly present in methane-containing process streams can advantageously be maintained without conventional upgrading (pretreating) steps, thereby improving process economics. This also allows for the reforming of impure reformer feeds, even in relatively small quantities, which may be characterized as complex gas mixtures due to significant quantities of non-methane components. A representative reforming catalyst comprises 1 wt-% Pt and 1 wt-% Rh as noble metals, on a cerium oxide support.

Methods and systems for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, including producing a waste gas stream comprising form greater than 0 vol % to less than 20 vol %, inclusive, carbon dioxide, pre-concentrating the waste gas stream to increase a concentration of carbon dioxide, producing a concentrated byproduct stream comprising more than 40 vol %, dissolving carbon dioxide contained in the concentrated byproduct stream in water, producing a dissolved byproduct stream and an undissolved byproduct stream, injecting the dissolved byproduct stream or a portion thereof into a reservoir containing mafic rock, and allowing components of the dissolved byproduct stream to react in situ with components of the mafic rock to precipitate and store components of the byproduct stream in the reservoir.

A method for achieving a gas with a variable hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio in a system including splitting a warm raw syngas stream into a first portion and a second portion, the second portioning having a portion flowrate. Sending the first portion of the warm raw syngas stream a carbon monoxide separator, thereby producing a first hydrogen enriched stream and a carbon monoxide rich stream. Sending the second portion of the warm raw syngas stream to a water/gas shift reactor, thereby producing a shifted syngas stream. Combining the first hydrogen enriched stream and the second hydrogen enriched stream and sending the combined stream to a hydrogen separator, thereby producing a product hydrogen stream having a hydrogen flowrate, and varying the hydrogen flowrate by increasing the portion flowrate.

A process for producing acetylene and syngas by partial oxidation of hydrocarbons with oxygen, involving: separately preheating a hydrocarbon and a oxygen-comprising input stream; mixing in a mass flow ratio of the oxygen-comprising to hydrocarbon stream at an oxygen number no more than 0.31; feeding the streams via a burner block to a combustion chamber and therein partially oxidizing the hydrocarbon(s) to a cracking gas; quenching the cracking gas to 80 to 90° C. downstream by injecting an aqueous quench medium to obtain a process water stream-1 and a product gas stream-2; cooling the product gas stream-2 in a cooling column by direct heat exchange with cooling water to obtain a process water stream-2 as bottoms, a product gas stream-2 as uppers, and a sidestream; and depleting the sidestream of soot in an electrofilter to generate therein a process water stream-3 combined with water streams-1/2 to afford the process water stream-4.