The present disclosure relates to a method for separating a carbon isotope and a method for concentrating a carbon isotope using the same, the method for separating a carbon isotope including: cooling a formaldehyde gas to a temperature of from 190K to 250K; and obtaining a mixed gas and residual formaldehyde by photodissociating the cooled formaldehyde gas, the mixed gas including carbon dioxide containing a carbon isotope and hydrogen.

A process for the combined preparation of methanol and ammonia based on primary steam reforming a hydrocarbon feed stock and adiabatic secondary reforming with oxygen enriched air from electrolysis of water.

An integrated process for producing a purified and converted synthesis gas and a corresponding plant including initially converting in a synthesis gas generation stage a carbon-containing input material into a raw synthesis gas which in a subsequent CO conversion zone is altered in respect of its H.sub.2/CO ratio and finally sent to a gas scrubbing zone operating according to a physical gas scrubbing process with methanol as the absorption medium in which the content of unwanted gas constituents, in particular of acidic gas constituents, in the synthesis gas is reduced.

The method for producing liquid hydrogen can include the steps of: introducing pressurized natural gas from a high pressure natural gas pipeline to a gas processing unit under conditions effective for producing a purified hydrogen stream; and introducing the purified hydrogen stream to a hydrogen liquefaction unit under conditions effective to produce a liquid hydrogen stream, wherein the hydrogen liquefaction unit provides a warm temperature cooling and a cold temperature cooling to the purified hydrogen stream, wherein the warm temperature cooling is provided by utilizing letdown energy of a pressurized stream selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen stream sourced from a nitrogen pipeline, a natural gas stream sourced from the high pressure natural gas pipeline, an air gas sourced from an air separation unit, and combinations thereof, wherein the cold temperature is provided by utilizing letdown energy of the purified hydrogen stream.

A method for maximizing the value of gas streams containing carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen including splitting a carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen containing stream into a first fraction and a second fraction, introducing at least a portion of a scrubbed first fraction into a temperature swing adsorption unit to further remove carbon dioxide and to remove water, separating at least a portion of the scrubbed and dried first fraction to produce a carbon monoxide product stream and a hydrogen product stream, combining at least a portion of the hydrogen product stream and the second fraction to produce a methanol-synthesis gas stream, wherein at least a portion of a crude methanol stream, generated after a single pass through the methanol synthesis reactor, is withdrawn and used as a crude methanol product, and wherein the methanol-synthesis gas stream is produced without utilizing a water gas shift reaction.

Process and apparatus for producing a H.sub.2-containing product and a CO-containing product with CO-containing product turndown capability. The H.sub.2-containing product is produced in a process train with a shift reactor and pressure swing adsorption unit. The CO-containing product is produced in a process train with a CO.sub.2 removal unit and a cryogenic separation unit. During the CO-containing product turndown mode, a portion or all of the CO-containing product is passed to the shift reactor in the H.sub.2-containing product train to form additional H.sub.2.

Process for the synthesis of ammonia from natural gas comprising conversion of a charge of desulphurized natural gas and steam, with oxygen-enriched air or oxygen, into a synthesis gas, and treatment of the synthesis gas with shift reaction and decarbonation, wherein a part of the CO2-depleted synthesis gas, obtained after decarbonation, is separated and used as fuel fraction for one or more furnaces of the conversion section, and the remaining part of the gas is used to produce ammonia.

Process and apparatus for producing a H.sub.2-containing product and a CO-containing product with CO-containing product turndown capability. The H.sub.2-containing product is produced in a process train with a shift reactor and pressure swing adsorption unit. The CO-containing product is produced in a process train with a CO.sub.2 removal unit and a cryogenic separation unit. During the CO-containing product turndown mode, a portion or all of the CO-containing product is passed to the shift reactor in the H.sub.2-containing product train to form additional H.sub.2.

The invention relates to methods of capturing carbon by microbial fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising CO into one or more first products which, in turn, may be incorporated into an article of manufacture or one or more second products.

A process and a device for the production of ammonia at different pressure levels may involve removing gases that are inert (inert gases) or harmful with regard to ammonia synthesis from the process in a process step before the ammonia synthesis so that enrichment of these is decreased or suppressed. For example, with respect to a gas mixture that includes hydrogen, nitrogen, water, methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, at least part of the water, at least part of the methane, at least part of the carbon monoxide, and at least part of the carbon dioxide may be removed from the gas mixture before the synthesis of the ammonia occurs.