A method of hydrogen generation includes contacting sodium borohydride (NaBH.sub.4) and water in the presence of a nanocomposite comprising graphitic C.sub.3N.sub.4, V.sub.2O.sub.5, and MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 in a mass relationship to each other in a range of from 5 to 15:2 to 7:75 to 95, at a temperature in a range of from 10 to 80 C., thereby catalyzing the hydrogen generation at a hydrogen generation rate in a range of from 2000 to 5000 mL/(min.Math.g).

Presented are processes for the beneficial conversion of CO.sub.2 and other environmentally destructive compounds to their constituent parts by the application of thermal plasma containing activated species whereby the interaction of the plasma with the compounds and reactions of CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 generate more environmentally friendly compounds comprising in part oxygen and hydrogen. The thermal plasma may be vibro-shear plasma generated by the superheating of either steam, gas or a combination of both.

A method of hydrogen generation may include contacting sodium borohydride (NaBH.sub.4) and water in the presence of a catalyst including a nanocomposite comprising graphitic C.sub.3N.sub.4, MO.sub.3, and MgAl.sub.2O.sub.4 in a mass relationship to each other in a range of from 5 to 15:2 to 7:75 to 95, at a temperature in a range of from 10 to 80 C., thereby catalyzing the hydrogen generation at a hydrogen generation rate in a range of from 2750 to 6000 mL/(min.Math.g).

A high entropy alloy catalyst and a method of producing hydrogen via catalytic methane pyrolysis are disclosed. The catalyst comprises a core-shell structure, where the core is an internal catalyst support, and the shell comprises a high entropy alloy encapsulating the core. The method includes introducing a high entropy alloy catalyst into a reactor. The method further includes introducing natural gas into the reaction to form a reaction mixture, operating the reactor comprising the reaction mixture, thereby forming hydrogen gas and solid carbon, and separating the hydrogen gas from the solid carbon.

The disclosure relates to systems and methods to produce hydrogen (H.sub.2) gas from hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2S). H.sub.2S is contacted with a catalyst to form H.sub.2 gas and sulfur adsorbed to the catalyst. The adsorbed sulfur is contacted with oxygen (O.sub.2) gas to convert the adsorbed sulfur to sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) and regenerate the catalyst.

A process for the production of syngas comprising the steps of providing a feed gas comprising a hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide and optionally steam, contacting a flow of said feed gas with a metal oxide to form syngas, wherein the mole fraction of carbon dioxide or in the case the feed gas comprises steam, the sum of the mole fractions of carbon dioxide and steam, in the feed gas is between 0.3 and 0.7; and/or wherein the mole fraction of the hydrocarbon in the feed gas is between 0.3 to 0.5, wherein the feed gas is contacted with the metal oxide at a temperature of between 1050K and 1600K.