The invention is a hydrogen generator including a housing, a reaction area, a fluid reservoir, a pellet comprising a first reactant within the reaction area, a fluid comprising a second reactant within the fluid reservoir, a fluid flow path between the fluid reservoir and the reaction area, and a hydrogen outlet. The fluid flow path comprises a follower assembly biased toward the pellet, the follower assembly includes an articulated joint and a follower, and the second reactant can react with the first reactant in the reaction area to produce hydrogen gas and byproducts.

Processes for controlling liquid organic hydrogen carrier processes are described. The processes include flow control of hydrogen as the primary variable with toluene make-up based on reactor conditions. Make-up hydrogen gas is provided via a flow controller which can be adjusted by the operator. A pressure controller on the separator is used to adjust the temperature at the reactors with a temperature controller. The inlet temperature to the reactors is maintained by heat exchangers, such as steam generators. The reaction conditions are monitored by temperature measurement and the inlet and/or the outlet of the reactor. When hydrogen feed rates are adjusted, the unit operations must increase or reduce the toluene to balance this situation. A differential temperature controller is used to reset the toluene flowrate to the reactor to achieve the desired processing objective.

A hydrogen production system and a method for producing hydrogen that may minimize carbon dioxide emissions of an overall process by combining a steam-methane reformation process with a combined steam-carbon reformation process, and using a feed controller to appropriately control flow rates of steam and hydrocarbon gas feed input to the combined steam-carbon reformation process based on a composition and a flow rate of off-gas input from the steam-methane reformation process to the combined steam-carbon reformation process.

A process for producing hydrogen and pyrolytic carbon from hydrocarbons may involve converting hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon in a reactor at temperatures of 1000 C. or more. The reactor may include two electrodes spaced apart from one another in a flow direction of the hydrocarbons. In a region of the reactor between the electrodes an inert gas component is supplied over an entire reactor cross section. The reactor contains carbon particles in the region between the two electrodes. By introducing an inert gas component over the entire reactor cross section, deposition of carbon in this region of the reactor inner wall is prevented, thus effectively inhibiting the formation of conductivity bridges on the reactor inner wall.

Disclosed are methods for accommodating changes in the conditions of partial oxidation of hydrocarbonaceous feedstock by changing characteristics of the hot oxygen used in the partial oxidation.

A hydrogen production method that reduces carbon dioxide emissions outside the system is provided.

A hydrogen production method including: performing a dry reforming reaction to obtain a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from a source gas containing methane and carbon dioxide in the presence of a dry reforming catalyst; performing a solid carbon capture reaction by reacting the synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst for capturing solid carbon to generate solid carbon from the carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas, thereby obtaining the solid carbon and a processed gas; and separating the processed gas into an emission gas and hydrogen to obtain hydrogen, wherein a content molar ratio CO/CO.sub.2 of a content of the carbon monoxide to a content of the carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas, reaction temperature T.sub.1 ( C.) of the dry reforming reaction, and reaction temperature T.sub.2 ( C.) of the solid carbon capture reaction satisfy the following condition (1):

[00001]$$\begin{gathered} \begin{array}{cc}\left[\mathrm{Formula}1\right]& \\ 450<T_2<750-\frac{300}{1+e^{\left(\frac{\mathrm{Inflection}-\left(\mathrm{CO}/{\mathrm{CO}}_2\right)}{\mathrm{Gradient}}\right)}} \\ \mathrm{wherein}\mathrm{Inflection}=\left(1.06{10}^{-4}\right){\left(T_1\right)}^2+\left(-0.13\right)T_1+40.\mathrm{Gradient}=\left(1.6910^{-4}\right){\left(T_1\right)}^2\end{array} \end{gathered}$$

A high-efficiency methanol reforming hydrogen production device includes a housing, a reactor, a heat exchanger, a liquid supply pipe and an exhaust pipe. The housing includes an outer housing and an inner housing arranged inside the outer housing. A vacuum interlayer is arranged between the inner housing and the outer housing. The reactor is arranged in the inner housing. The heat exchanger is arranged at the front end of the housing and is filled with a heat exchange medium. One end of the liquid supply pipe is connected to a liquid inlet of the reactor, and the other end of the liquid supply pipe passes through the heat exchanger and is then exposed. One end of the exhaust pipe is connected to a gas outlet of the reactor, and the other end of the exhaust pipe passes through the heat exchanger and is then exposed.

A hydrogen generation apparatus includes a first liquid providing apparatus and a controller. The first liquid providing apparatus provides a liquid containing at least water to a solid hydrogen carrier. The controller controls an amount of the liquid that the first liquid providing apparatus provides to the hydrogen carrier.

A hydrogen generation apparatus applies a solid hydrogen carrier on a surface of a conveyance belt by an application apparatus, and ejects, by an ejection apparatus, a liquid containing water onto the hydrogen carrier applied on the surface. Then, hydrogen generated by a reaction between the hydrogen carrier and the liquid on the surface is collected by a hydrogen collection apparatus. Byproduct generated by the reaction between the hydrogen carrier and the liquid on the surface is collected by a byproduct collection apparatus. A regulation member regulates the thickness of the hydrogen carrier applied on the surface of the conveyance belt by the application apparatus.

Provided is a fuel-reforming device comprising: an ammonia tank (4); a reformer (5) for reforming ammonia and generating high-concentration hydrogen gas having a hydrogen content of at least 99%; a mixing tank (7) for mixing ammonia and hydrogen for temporary storage; and a control means (10) for controlling the respective supply amounts of ammonia and high-concentration hydrogen gas that are supplied to the mixing tank (7). The control means (10) calculates the combustion rate coefficient C of mixed gas with respect to a reference fuel on the basis of equation (1). Equation (1): S.sub.0=S.sub.HC+S.sub.A(1C). In equation (1), S.sub.0 is the combustion rate of the reference fuel, S.sub.H is the combustion rate of hydrogen, S.sub.A is the combustion rate of ammonia, and C is the combustion rate coefficient of mixed gas. In addition, on the basis of equation (2), the control means (10) determines the volume fractions of ammonia and hydrogen that are supplied to the mixing tank. Equation (2): C=1exp(AM.sub.B). In equation (2), M is the volume fraction of hydrogen in mixed gas, and A and B are constants.