Disclosed herein are methods and systems for the production of hydrogen-containing compounds, such as ammonia and urea from a product stream of a fuel cell unit. The production of ammonia and optionally urea can also include a net power production. Alternatively, the hydrogen stream from the fuel cell unit can be directed to the production of synthetic hydrocarbons liquids.

A method and device for sustainable, simultaneous production of energy in the forms electricity, hydrogen gas and heat from a carbonaceous gas, the method having the following steps: 1. continuously dividing a feed charge of carbonaceous gas into a first feed gas flow and a second feed gas flow, 2. charging the first feed gas flow to a primary SOFC to produce electricity and heat and CO.sub.2, 3. charging the other feed gas flow, to a hydrogen gas forming reactor system to produce hydrogen and CO.sub.2, 4. heating the hydrogen gas forming system at least partially by heat developed in at least one SOFC, 5. optionally capturing the CO.sub.2 formed in the primary SOFC by burning the afterburner gases in pure oxygen and drying the exhaust gas, 6. capturing the CO.sub.2 formed in the hydrogen gas forming reactor system by use of an absorbent.

In various aspects, systems and methods are provided for operating a molten carbonate fuel cell, such as a fuel cell assembly, with increased production of syngas while also reducing or minimizing the amount of CO.sub.2 exiting the fuel cell in the cathode exhaust stream. This can allow for improved efficiency of syngas production while also generating electrical power.

Combining multiple subsystems involving biomass processing, biomass gasification of the processed biomass where a synthesis gas is produced then converted to hydrogen fuels or other transportation fuels for use in coupled transportation systems sized to consume all the transportation fuel produced. Carbon in the biomass is converted to CO.sub.2 in the conversion process and a portion of that CO.sub.2 is captured and sequestrated for long term storage as CO.sub.2 or as carbon black.

A process and/or system for producing product that includes providing biogas, removing carbon dioxide from the biogas, transporting the upgraded biogas, providing the transported upgraded biogas and fossil-based gas for methane reforming. The methane reforming produces syngas that contains hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The product has lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced at least in part, by at least some of the carbon dioxide from the syngas and at least some of the carbon dioxide from the biogas being captured and stored.

The present disclosure provides a method for reducing the carbon intensity of hydrogen by replacing, at a hydrogen production facility, a fraction of a non-renewable gaseous feedstock with a biomethane feedstock, wherein the non-renewable gaseous feedstock replaced is (a) a feedstock fed to methane reforming and/or (b) a feedstock used to generate heat for the reforming in the hydrogen production, and wherein the fraction of the non-renewable gaseous feedstock replaced by the biomethane feedstock is less than 50% and is at least r defined by Equation A herein. The disclosed process for reducing the carbon intensity of hydrogen is designed to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and mitigate climate change. The biomethane feedstock in some examples has a carbon intensity (CI) value within a range that is between 15 g CO.sub.2eq/MJ and 500 g CO.sub.2eq/MJ.

Process for the synthesis of ammonia from natural gas comprising conversion of a charge of desulphurized natural gas and steam, with oxygen-enriched air or oxygen, into a synthesis gas, and treatment of the synthesis gas with shift reaction and decarbonation, wherein a part of the CO2-depleted synthesis gas, obtained after decarbonation, is separated and used as fuel fraction for one or more furnaces of the conversion section, and the remaining part of the gas is used to produce ammonia.

The invention relates to methods of capturing carbon by microbial fermentation of a gaseous substrate comprising CO into one or more first products which, in turn, may be incorporated into an article of manufacture or one or more second products.

A method for reducing a carbon emissions intensity of a fuel includes producing a first hydrocarbon fluid; capturing a carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) fluid from the first hydrocarbon fluid production; and injecting the captured carbon dioxide into a subterranean zone from one or more wellbores to enhance a production of a second hydrocarbon fluid from the zone, at least one of the first or the second hydrocarbon fluids processable into a hydrocarbon fuel that includes a low carbon intensity fuel based, at least in part, on the captured and injected CO.sub.2 fluid.

The invention relates to a steel mill adapted to provide gas stream(s) comprising CO to a microbial fermentation, the steel mill comprising a steel mill structure containing apparatus for a steel manufacturing process wherein said apparatus produces waste gases during various stages of the steel making process, said waste gases being directed into the atmosphere by a waste stack, wherein the waste stack is connected to a fermentation system by a transfer means connected to the waste stack to divert at least a portion of the waste gases to the microbial fermentation system.