A method of producing potassium sulfate by employing sodium sulfate and potassium chloride sources is disclosed. The method includes a crystallization process that yields a mother liquor containing sulfate, sodium and chloride. The mother liquor is directed to an anion segregation unit that produces a reject or retentate rich in sulfate which is recycled and employed in the production of the potassium sulfate. Further, the anion segregation unit produces a permeate that is depleted in sulfate but includes sodium and chloride and is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer for producing sodium chloride.

A method of producing potassium sulfate by employing sodium sulfate and potassium chloride sources is disclosed. The method includes a crystallization process that yields a mother liquor containing sulfate, sodium and chloride. The mother liquor is directed to an anion segregation unit that produces a reject or retentate rich in sulfate which is recycled and employed in the production of the potassium sulfate. Further, the anion segregation unit produces a permeate that is depleted in sulfate but includes sodium and chloride and is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer for producing sodium chloride.

A method of producing potassium sulfate by employing sodium sulfate and potassium chloride sources is disclosed. The method includes a crystallization process that yields a mother liquor containing sulfate, sodium and chloride. The mother liquor is directed to an anion segregation unit that produces a reject or retentate rich in sulfate which is recycled and employed in the production of the potassium sulfate. Further, the anion segregation unit produces a permeate that is depleted in sulfate but includes sodium and chloride and is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer for producing sodium chloride.

A method for accelerating evaporation of brine in plateau salt lakes includes introducing downward wind to a brine surface; and changing the downward wind to transversal wind horizontally flowing outward when the wind contacts with the brine surface, to accelerate evaporation of the brine. Said method is simple in operation, can accelerate the evaporation of the brine, and can realize industrialized brine production at low cost. It is less prone to form salt deposits in concentrated brine, and is also easy to separate salt crystals precipitated from brine. Said device has a simple and reliable structure; low costs for the manufacture, use, and maintenance thereof; and improved evaporation of brine. Said device is convenient to be used in plateau salt-lake regions and easy to be relocated and with a minimal contact area with brine, it is essentially impossible to form salts deposits on the surface of the device.

A method for accelerating evaporation of brine in plateau salt lakes includes introducing downward wind to a brine surface; and changing the downward wind to transversal wind horizontally flowing outward when the wind contacts with the brine surface, to accelerate evaporation of the brine. Said method is simple in operation, can accelerate the evaporation of the brine, and can realize industrialized brine production at low cost. It is less prone to form salt deposits in concentrated brine, and is also easy to separate salt crystals precipitated from brine. Said device has a simple and reliable structure; low costs for the manufacture, use, and maintenance thereof; and improved evaporation of brine. Said device is convenient to be used in plateau salt-lake regions and easy to be relocated and with a minimal contact area with brine, it is essentially impossible to form salts deposits on the surface of the device.

The present invention provides table salts. The said table salts contains 50 to 600 mg/kg of strontium. The strontium-rich table salts provided by the present invention has significantly higher strontium content than traditional common table salts. As one of the essential trace elements, strontium plays an important role in human health. The said table salts provided by the present invention are rich in strontium, which can be assimilated by human body during taking the said table salts. Moreover, the strontium content in the table salts provided by the present invention ranges from 50 to 600 mg/kg, which enables human body to get enough strontium to meet human needs when taking normal amount of the said table salts daily.

Lithium brine is treated with a multiple pass nanofiltration (NF) membrane system. Sulfate is added to permeate from an upstream pass before it flows through a downstream pass. Optionally the sulfate may be added to the permeate by dosing it with sulfuric acid or a slat such as sodium sulfate. The softened brine may then be processed further, for example by a combination of solvent extraction, electrolysis, crystallization and drying, to produce a lithium hydroxide product that can be used to make batteries.

A cooling pond system and related methods of improving cooling performance in a cooling pond system using one or more submerged dams to increase cooling performance within the cooling pond system, and increase salt precipitation or recovery. The inclusion of one or more submerged dams within an existing cooling pond system can reduce an outflow temperature by 1-5 F. as compared to the same cooling pond system without any submerged dams. In addition or alternatively, pond depth can be controlled to enhance flow mixing and convection cooling. As the temperature is reduced throughout the cooling pond system, more potassium containing salts are precipitated form the brine solution resulting in increased production or recovery within the same cooling footprint.

A cooling pond system and related methods of improving cooling performance in a cooling pond system using one or more submerged dams to increase cooling performance within the cooling pond system, and increase salt precipitation or recovery. The inclusion of one or more submerged dams within an existing cooling pond system can reduce an outflow temperature by 1-5 F. as compared to the same cooling pond system without any submerged dams. In addition or alternatively, pond depth can be controlled to enhance flow mixing and convection cooling. As the temperature is reduced throughout the cooling pond system, more potassium containing salts are precipitated form the brine solution resulting in increased production or recovery within the same cooling footprint.

A process for treating wastewater or waste brines that include sodium and chloride ions. The waste brine is concentrated and thereafter directed to a Mirabilite crystallizer that produces hydrated sulfate salt crystals and a first solution. The hydrated crystals are melted to form an aqueous sulfate solution that is directed to a sodium sulfate crystallizer which produces sodium sulfate salt crystals. The first solution produced by the Mirabilite crystallizer is directed to a nanofiltration device which produces a permeate stream and a reject stream containing sulfate removed by the nanofiltration device. The permeate stream is directed to a sodium chloride crystallizer that produces sodium chloride salt crystals. The reject stream is recycled to the Mirabilite crystallizer.