A magnesium oxide material includes a magnesium oxide powder treated with a halogen compound and a silane coupling agent. A method of producing a magnesium oxide material includes a step including preparing a magnesium oxide powder, a halogen compound treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a halogen compound, and a silane coupling agent treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent.

A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen and a passivating oxide using water splitting techniques is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a container filled with a passivating-oxide preventing agent that is substantially inert to water in an effective amount to prevent passivation of a solid-state material during oxidation and a conduit for inserting a solid-state material into the passivating-oxide preventing agent in which the solid-state material is submerged in the passivating-oxide preventing agent without being in direct contact with water. The solid-state material is capable of dissolving in the passivating-oxide preventing agent and reacting with the water. Thus, the method provides continuous dissolution of the solid-state material into the passivating-oxide preventing agent and its alloys in the presence of excess water at or near room temperature to enable continuous generation of hydrogen, passivating oxide and heat.

A magnesium oxide material includes a magnesium oxide powder treated with a halogen compound and a silane coupling agent. A method of producing a magnesium oxide material includes a step including preparing a magnesium oxide powder, a halogen compound treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a halogen compound, and a silane coupling agent treatment step including subjecting the magnesium oxide powder to a surface treatment with a silane coupling agent.

A treatment method for a magnesium slag, comprises: Step a, producing magnesium particles and a crude solution of magnesium slag by digesting and sifting a magnesium slag; Step b, filtering the crude solution of magnesium slag sifted in Step a, so that mixed chlorides are obtained after a moisture in a filtrate is removed; Step c, obtaining a high purity magnesium oxide by dissolving a filter residue obtained in Step b via an ammonium sulfate method and a magnesium precipitation reaction as well as post-treatment. With the method, utilization of magnesium slag can reach up to more than 90% with a higher recycling rate, while the discharge of solid wastes can be reduced greatly which solid wastes are less contaminative to the environment, so that the contamination to the environment is greatly reduced and the required energy saving and emission reduction are also achieved.

A treatment method for a magnesium slag, comprises: Step a, producing magnesium particles and a crude solution of magnesium slag by digesting and sifting a magnesium slag; Step b, filtering the crude solution of magnesium slag sifted in Step a, so that mixed chlorides are obtained after a moisture in a filtrate is removed; Step c, obtaining a high purity magnesium oxide by dissolving a filter residue obtained in Step b via an ammonium sulfate method and a magnesium precipitation reaction as well as post-treatment. With the method, utilization of magnesium slag can reach up to more than 90% with a higher recycling rate, while the discharge of solid wastes can be reduced greatly which solid wastes are less contaminative to the environment, so that the contamination to the environment is greatly reduced and the required energy saving and emission reduction are also achieved.

The present disclosure discloses a method for strengthening a biological manganese oxidation using a magnetic field and use thereof. The method includes steps of inoculating a manganese-oxidizing microorganism into a culture medium containing Mn.sup.2+, performing magnetization treatment in a culture process, and then collecting a biogenic manganese oxide. The method includes steps of performing a primary magnetic field treatment at a magnetic field intensity of 0.2-50 mT for 1-5 h when culturing is performed for 6-12 h, continuing culturing after the primary magnetization treatment, and performing magnetization treatment once every other 24 h for culture time of 72 h. A magnetic field is applied to accelerate an oxidation rate of a manganese-oxidizing microorganism to Mn.sup.2+ and a biological manganese oxidation rate is respectively improved by 36.4% and 23.8% under an action of an alternating magnetic field or a constant magnetic field within 72 h.

The present disclosure discloses a method for strengthening a biological manganese oxidation using a magnetic field and use thereof. The method includes steps of inoculating a manganese-oxidizing microorganism into a culture medium containing Mn.sup.2+, performing magnetization treatment in a culture process, and then collecting a biogenic manganese oxide. The method includes steps of performing a primary magnetic field treatment at a magnetic field intensity of 0.2-50 mT for 1-5 h when culturing is performed for 6-12 h, continuing culturing after the primary magnetization treatment, and performing magnetization treatment once every other 24 h for culture time of 72 h. A magnetic field is applied to accelerate an oxidation rate of a manganese-oxidizing microorganism to Mn.sup.2+ and a biological manganese oxidation rate is respectively improved by 36.4% and 23.8% under an action of an alternating magnetic field or a constant magnetic field within 72 h.