A gas sensor, characterized by having an electrode formed of a conductive oxide sintered body which contains a primary phase formed of a perovskite oxide containing at least La, Fe, and Ni; and a secondary phase formed of an La.sub.4M.sub.3O.sub.10 phase or an La.sub.3M.sub.2O.sub.7 phase (M=Co, Fe, Ni), wherein the conductive oxide sintered body has a conductivity of 300 S/cm or higher at room temperature.

A subject of this invention is to provide a dispersion liquid of a silica-based composite particle, which can rapidly polish silica film, Si wafer or even hard-to-process material, can concurrently achieve high surface accuracy (less scratches, etc.), and can suitably be used for surface polishing of semiconductor devices including semiconductor substrate and wiring board, by virtue of its impurity-free nature. The subject is solved by a dispersion liquid of a silica-based composite particle that contains a silica-based composite particle that has a core particle mainly composed of amorphous silica, and bound thereto a ceria particle mainly composed of crystalline ceria, further has a silica film that covers them.

A mechanochromic system comprising a first inorganic/polymer composite layer; and a first elastomer layer bonded to the composite layer to form a composite/elastomer assembly, methods of making, and methods of use thereof are provided.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a sintered body for an electrolyte and an electrolyte for a fuel cell using the same. More particularly, the following disclosure relates to a method for preparing an electrolyte having a firm thin film layer by using a sintered body having controlled sintering characteristics, and application of the electrolyte to a solid oxide fuel cell. It is possible to control the sintering characteristics of a sintered body through a simple method, such as controlling the amounts of crude particles and nanoparticles. In addition, an electrode using the obtained sintered body having controlled sintering characteristics is effective for forming a firm thin film layer. Further, such an electrolyte having a firm thin film layer formed thereon inhibits combustion of fuel with oxygen when it is applied to a fuel cell, and thus shows significantly effective for improving the quality of a cell.

A transparent ceramic material is manufactured by molding a source powder into a compact, the source powder comprising a rare earth oxide consisting of at least 40 mol % of terbium oxide and the balance of another rare earth oxide, and a sintering aid, sintering the compact at a temperature T (1,300 C.T1,650 C.) by heating from room temperature to T1 (1200 C.T1T) at a rate of at least 100 C./h, and optionally heating from T1 at a rate of 1-95 C./h, and HIP treating the sintered compact at 1,300-1,650 C. The ceramic material has improved diffuse transmittance in the visible region and functions as a magneto-optical part in a broad visible to NIR region.

A transparent ceramic material is manufactured by molding a source powder into a compact, the source powder comprising a rare earth oxide consisting of at least 40 mol % of terbium oxide and the balance of another rare earth oxide, and a sintering aid, sintering the compact at a temperature T (1,300 C.T1,650 C.) by heating from room temperature to T1 (1200 C.T1T) at a rate of at least 100 C./h, and optionally heating from T1 at a rate of 1-95 C./h, and HIP treating the sintered compact at 1,300-1,650 C. The ceramic material has improved diffuse transmittance in the visible region and functions as a magneto-optical part in a broad visible to NIR region.

The ceramic material of the present invention contains a crystalline phase of a complex oxide containing a Group II element M and a rare earth element RE. The Group II element M is Sr, Ca, or Ba. An XRD diagram of the ceramic material shows a first new peak between peaks derived from the (040) plane and the (320) plane of MRE.sub.2O.sub.4. Such a ceramic material may be manufactured by, for example, preparing a material containing MRE.sub.2O.sub.4 or a material capable of reacting in thermal spray flame to produce MRE.sub.2O.sub.4 as a thermal spray material, and thermally spraying the thermal spray material onto a predetermined object.

A production method for producing an oxygen sensor, includes spinning a precursor consisting of a salt of at least one metal chosen from Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Mg, and Ga, a solvent, and a macromolecular polymer to produce nanofibers of the precursor containing the salt of the metal. The method further includes calcining the nanofibers of the precursor at a temperature ranging from 550 C. to 650 C. for 2 to 4 hours, and making a solid electrolyte material composed of the nanofibers obtained from the calcining. The resulting solid electrolyte material constitutes a part of the oxygen sensor.

A method for preparing two-dimensional (2D) ordered mesoporous nanosheets by inorganic salt interface-induced assembly includes the following steps: carrying out, by using a soluble inorganic salt as a substrate and an amphiphilic block copolymer as a template, uniform mass diffusion of a target precursor solution at an inorganic salt crystal interface through vacuum filtration or low-speed centrifugation; forming a single-layer ordered mesoporous structure by using the solvent evaporation-induced co-assembly (EICA) technology; and promoting, through gradient temperature-controlled Ostwald ripening, the evaporation and induced formation of an organic solvent, and removing the template in N.sub.2 to obtain a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet material. The assembled nanosheet material has a large pore size, regular spherical pores and orderly arrangement. By changing the type of the precursor, a variety of mesoporous metal oxides, metal elements, inorganic non-metal nanosheets are synthesized.

A method for preparing two-dimensional (2D) ordered mesoporous nanosheets by inorganic salt interface-induced assembly includes the following steps: carrying out, by using a soluble inorganic salt as a substrate and an amphiphilic block copolymer as a template, uniform mass diffusion of a target precursor solution at an inorganic salt crystal interface through vacuum filtration or low-speed centrifugation; forming a single-layer ordered mesoporous structure by using the solvent evaporation-induced co-assembly (EICA) technology; and promoting, through gradient temperature-controlled Ostwald ripening, the evaporation and induced formation of an organic solvent, and removing the template in N.sub.2 to obtain a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet material. The assembled nanosheet material has a large pore size, regular spherical pores and orderly arrangement. By changing the type of the precursor, a variety of mesoporous metal oxides, metal elements, inorganic non-metal nanosheets are synthesized.