A composite positive active material including a composite represented by Formula 1:
Li.sub.2MO.sub.3.(1)[xLi.sub.2MnO.sub.3.(1x)Li.sub.dNi.sub.aCO.sub.bM.sub.cO.sub.2]Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M is titanium (Ti) or zirconium (Zr); M is manganese (Mn), vanadium (V), magnesium (Mg), gallium (Ga), silicon (Si), tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), boron (B), or a combination thereof; and 0<<0.5; 0x<0.3; a+b+c1; 0<a<1; 0<b<1; 0<c<1, and 0.95d1.05.

The present invention relates to a composite oxide with x wt.-parts Li.sub.2TiO.sub.3, preferably in its cubic modification of space group Fm-3m, t wt.-parts TiO.sub.2, z wt.-parts of Li.sub.2CO.sub.3 or LiOH, u wt.-parts of a carbon source and optionally v wt.-parts of a transition or main group metal compound and/or a sulphur containing compound, wherein x is a number between 2 and 3, y is a number between 3 and 4, z is a number between 0.001 and 1, u is a number between 0.05 and 1 and 0v<0.1 and the metal of the transition or main group metal compound is selected from Al, Mg, Ga, Fe, Co, Sc, Y, Mn, Ni, Cr, V or mixtures thereof. Further the present invention relates to the use of the composite oxide in a process for the preparation of a composition of a non-doped and doped lithium titianate Li.sub.4Ti.sub.5O.sub.12 comprising secondary agglomerates of primary particles and its use as anode material in secondary lithium-ion batteries.

There is provided a solution containing lithium and at least one of a niobium complex and a titanium complex, suppresses corrosiveness, excellent in storage stability, and suitable for forming a coating layer capable of improving battery characteristics of an active material, and a related technique, which is the solution containing lithium, at least one of a niobium complex and a titanium complex, and ammonia, wherein an amount of the ammonia in the solution is 1 mass % or less.

A multi-walled titanium-based nanotube array containing metal or non-metal dopants is formed, in which the dopants are in the form of ions, compounds, clusters and particles located on at least one of a surface, inter-wall space and core of the nanotube. The structure can include multiple dopants, in the form of metal or non-metal ions, compounds, clusters or particles. The dopants can be located on one or more of on the surface of the nanotube, the inter-wall space (interlayer) of the nanotube and the core of the nanotube. The nanotubes may be formed by providing a titanium precursor, converting the titanium precursor into titanium-based layered materials to form titanium-based nanosheets, and transforming the titanium-based nanosheets to multi-walled titanium-based nanotubes.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a nano-titanate, a nano-titanic acid and a nano-TiO.sub.2 containing doping E or embedding E nanoparticles, and the use thereof. By using an E-doped Ti-T intermetallic compound as a titanium source, and reacting it with alkaline solution at atmospheric pressure and near its boiling-point temperature, an E-doped titanate nanofilm is prepared with high efficiency and in a short time. Through acid treatment and (or) heat treatment, a titanate nanofilm containing embedding E nanoparticles, an E-doped titanic acid nanofilm, and a titanic acid nanofilm and a TiO.sub.2 flake powder containing embedding E nanoparticles can be further prepared. Through a subsequent reaction at high temperature and pressure, the preparation of an E-doped titanate nanotubes and titanic acid nanotubes, and titanic acid nanotubes and TiO.sub.2 nanotubes/nanorods containing embedding E nanoparticles can be achieved in high efficiency and low-cost.

A method for preparing a nano-titanate, a nano-titanic acid and a nano-TiO.sub.2 containing embedded A nanoparticles is provided respectively. In this method, a Ti-T alloy with a A-group element solidly dissolved therein is used as a titanium source, and reacted with an alkali solution under a certain condition. In combination with subsequent treatment, the preparation of a titanate nanotube, a titanic acid nanotube, and a TiO.sub.2 nanotube/rod containing embedded A nanoparticles, respectively, is further achieved with high efficiency and low cost. Moreover, a method for preparing metal nanoparticles is also provided by removing the matrix of the composites. The present preparation methods is characterized by simple process, easy operation, high efficiency, low cost. The product is of promising application in polymer-based nanocomposites, ceramic materials, catalytic materials, photocatalytic materials, hydrophobic materials, effluent degrading materials, bactericidal coatings, anticorrosive coatings, marine coatings.

An active material for a battery includes a mixed phase includes a lithium titanium composite oxide phase and a nonstoichiometric titanium oxide phase. This active material is excellent in lithium absorption/desorption performance, exhibiting high electric potentials in lithium absorption/desorption and high conductivity.

According to one embodiment, an active material is provided. This active material is represented by the general formula of Li.sub.(2+x)Na.sub.2Ti.sub.6O.sub.14, wherein x is within a range of 0x6. The active material includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Mo, W, V, Nb, Ta, P, Y, Al, Fe, and B in a content of 0.03 to 8.33 atom %.

This application describes electrode materials and methods of producing them, the materials containing particles having a core-shell structure, wherein the shell of the core-shell particles comprises a polymer, the polymer being grafted on the surface of the core particle by covalent bonds. Electrodes and electrochemical cells containing these electrode materials are also contemplated, as well as their use.

A negative active material for rechargeable lithium secondary batteries, a method of preparing the same, and a rechargeable lithium secondary battery including the same are disclosed. The negative active material includes a core including a lithium titanium oxide of Formula 1, and a coating layer positioned on a surface of the core and including an acid anhydride physisorbed onto the core, and thus can be useful in inhibiting battery side reactions and gas generation and improving battery performance since moisture formed during a redox reaction is effectively absorbed into a surface of the negative active material.
Li.sub.xTi.sub.yO.sub.4[Formula 1] In Formula 1, x and y are as defined in the detailed description.