Integrated non-linear complex oxide (NLCO) thin film artificial structures include tailored microstructural and crystalline phases for designed material architectures and a method of fabrication. A nano-scale poly crystal-amorphous composite film includes an amorphous matrix surrounding crystalline domains/inclusions of the form of particles, platelets, rods and/or needles, etc. Artificial thin film layered material configurations include bilayers, repeat unit cell bilayers with variable stacking periodicity (N), and multilayers whereby each individual layer, ni, exhibits a different microstructural crystallinity phase state, hence the microstructural phase state is variable in the vertical direction perpendicular to the substrate. NLCO elements can be organized in array configurations. The method to create the integrated NLCO thin film artificial structures combines metal-organic solution deposition (MOSD) film fabrication and microwave irradiation (MWI) processing, is tailorable and creates artificial thin film material structures composed of differing microstructural crystalline phase states simultaneously within a single thermal treatment step.

Dielectric layers are prepared using a dielectric material that contains a ceramic powder having Ba, Ti, and additive element X which is solid-solubilized and is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Ta, Nb, and W, wherein the standard deviation of the ratio of the peak intensity of the additive element X (XK) measured by STEM-EDX, and the sum of the peak intensity of the Ti and peak intensity of the Ba (BaL+TiK) measured by STEM-EDX, is less than 10.5% of the average ratio as measured at a total of five points including the three points that divide the maximum diameter of one grain of the ceramic powder into four equal parts, and two excluding the center point of the three points that divide the diameter crossing at right angles with the maximum diameter at its center point, into four equal parts.

Disclosed are compositions comprising inorganic UV-absorbing agents and the use of such compositions, in particular for protecting a subject or the surface of an inanimate object against a harmful effect of ultraviolet radiation.

A photochemical electrode includes: an optical absorption layer; a catalyst layer for oxygen evolution reaction over the optical absorption layer; and a conducting layer over the catalyst layer. A valance band maximum of the catalyst layer is higher than a valance band maximum of the optical absorption layer. A work function of the conducting layer is larger than a work function of the catalyst layer.

A system for chemical transformation of 3D state materials is disclosed wherein, a reaction group having a main body arranged to shape a reaction chamber in which a component configured to support a sample of 3D state arranged to be chemically transform is expected. The system further includes an oven arranged to heat the reaction chamber and a GAS supply group arranged to release a first gas in the reaction chamber and/or a casing component, inside the main body, which has a chemical agent suitable for releasing a second gas into the reaction chamber. The main body has at least two turbines arranged to converge into the reaction chamber, the first and/or the second gas on the samples. The invention relates also to a method for chemical transformation of 3D state materials.

A method may produce a perovskite-type ceramic compact including a perovskite-type ceramic having an alkaline earth metal element, at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, and Hf, and O. Such a method may include a contact reaction process in which a precursor compact including singly a gel including water and an oxide of at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, and Hf, and a liquid containing a hydroxide of the alkaline earth metal element are brought into contact with each other.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes: toner base particles containing a binder resin and a metal pigment; and an external additive containing lanthanum-containing strontium titanate particles.

A perovskite oxide thin film comprising a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and has a layered perovskite structure, wherein a ratio of A atoms to all A-sites in one A-site (A+A) atomic layer is different from that of three or more other A-site atomic layers in a thickness direction.

Methods for the manufacture of stable strontium titanate nanocube sols are disclosed. The sols are useful in the manufacture of switchable layers suitable for RRAM applications and the switching performance is stable and reproducible. The RRAM layers comprise a mixture of strontium titanate nanocubes and surfactant.

A coated active material of the present disclosure includes: an active material; and a coating layer including a first solid electrolyte, the coating layer coating at least a portion of a surface of the active material. The first solid electrolyte includes Li, Ti, M, and F, the M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ca, Mg, Al, Y, and Zr, and a proportion of a TiF bond in a group of bonds to the Ti included in the first solid electrolyte is more than 2%.