A battery comprising an acidified metal oxide (AMO) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0>?12, at least on its surface.

A battery cell having an anode or cathode comprising an acidified metal oxide (AMO) material, preferably in monodisperse nanoparticulate form 20 nm or less in size, having a pH<7 when suspended in a 5 wt % aqueous solution and a Hammett function H.sub.0>?12, at least on its surface.

A positive electrode active material for a sodium ion battery includes a sodium complex oxide of the formula Na.sub.4(M.sup.1.sub.aM.sup.2.sub.1a).sub.2O.sub.5 having an orthorhombic crystal structure, wherein M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are each independently Ti, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, V, or a combination there of provided that M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are different from each other; and 0a1.

In general, according to one embodiment, there is provided an active material. The active material contains a composite oxide having an orthorhombic crystal structure. The composite oxide is represented by a general formula of Li.sub.2+wNa.sub.2xM1.sub.yTi.sub.6zM2.sub.zO.sub.14+. In the general formula, the M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cs and K; the M2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Sn, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Fe, Co, Mn, and Al; and w is within a range of 0w4, x is within a range of 0<x<2, y is within a range of 0y<2, z is within a range of 0<z6, and is within a range of 0.50.5.

According to one embodiment, an active material including a composite oxide is provided. The composite oxide has a monoclinic crystal structure and is represented by the general formula Li.sub.wM1.sub.2xTi.sub.8yM2.sub.zO.sub.17+, wherein: M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cs, K, and Na; M2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Sn, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Fe, Co, Mn, and Al;

0w10; 0<x<2; 0<y<8; 0<z<8;
and 0.50.5.

The present disclosure discloses a prelithiation reagent for a lithium-ion battery (LIB), and a preparation method therefor and use thereof. The prelithiation reagent for the LIB has a chemical formula of Li.sub.5FeO.sub.4@C; and the prelithiation reagent for the LIB has a structure of secondary particles generated from the agglomeration of Li.sub.5FeO.sub.4 primary particles, and carbon is coated on a surface of the Li.sub.5FeO.sub.4 primary particles. In the present disclosure, a carbon source is mixed with a soluble salt of Fe, such that Fe ions are attached to the carbon source; then aqueous ammonia is added, such that a hydroxide with small particles and high dispersibility is generated; and then a solvothermal reaction is conducted to obtain a nano-scale oxide.

The present invention relates to Li-ion cells area, particularly relates to lithium source material and preparation method thereof and use in Li-ion cells. Wherein the lithium source material which is represented by a formula Li.sub.yFe.sub.1-xM.sub.xO.sub.4R.sub.z, wherein M represents one or more of transition metal elements, R represents halogen element, 0x0.9, 0<z0.2, 3.5<y[5(1x)+6x]. The lithium source material of the present invention which is lithium deficient relative to its stoichiometric lithium formulation, is a lithium source additive material to the cathode material for Li-ion cells, and exhibits high capacity and high stability.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular, to a modified lithium ion negative electrode material, and preparation therefor and use thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: dropwise adding a mixed solution of a titanium source and a lithium source into a mixed solution of an iron salt and an organic acid, adjusting the pH to 5.0-7.0, and stirring to obtain a wet gel; drying and crushing the wet gel, and then calcinating to obtain a LiFeTiO.sub.4 composite oxide; and reducing the LiFeTiO.sub.4 composite oxide to obtain the modified lithium ion negative electrode material. In the present disclosure, a spinel modified negative electrode material lithium iron titanium oxide is synthesized by using a citric acid sol-gel method, thereby not only greatly improving the charging and discharging capacity thereof, but also improving the large-current charging and discharging capability thereof.

A positive electrode active material for a sodium-ion secondary battery contains a compound of formula Na.sub.xMn.sub.1yzM.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2 or its hydrate. A cathode can contain the active material and rechargeable sodium-ion battery can contain such a cathode.

In general, according to one embodiment, there is provided an active material. The active material contains a composite oxide having an orthorhombic crystal structure. The composite oxide is represented by a general formula of Li.sub.2+wNa.sub.2xM1.sub.yTi.sub.6zM2.sub.zO.sub.14+. In the general formula, the M1 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cs and K; the M2 is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, Sn, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Fe, Co, Mn, and Al; and w is within a range of 0w4, x is within a range of 0<x<2, y is within a range of 0y<2, z is within a range of 0<z6, and is within a range of 0.50.5.