Provided is solid electrolyte utilizing a composite oxide of a RP-type structure, that is useful for achieving strong electromotive force and enhanced current-voltage characteristics of a fuel battery, has enhanced ion conductivity and sufficiently inhibited electronic conductivity, and is capable of intercalation of a large amount of water or hydrogen groups, as well as a solid electrolyte membrane, a fuel battery cell, and a fuel battery. The solid electrolyte and the solid electrolyte membrane of the present invention has been obtained by subjecting a particular composite oxide of a RP-type structure or a membrane thereof to a treatment of at least one of hydroxylation and hydration, and has a property that the mass determined by TG measurement at 400 C. is less than that at 250 C. by not less than 4.0%.

The disclosed technology relates to a ceramic composition and an article formed therefrom. A ceramic article for radio frequency applications is formed of a ceramic material having a chemical formula represented by: Bi.sub.1.0+aY.sub.2.0ax2yCa.sub.x+2yFe.sub.5xyM.sup.IV.sub.xV.sub.yO.sub.12 or Bi.sub.1.0+aY.sub.2.0a2yCa.sub.2yFe.sub.5yzV.sub.yIn.sub.zO.sub.12. The ceramic material has a composition such that a normalized change in saturation magnetization (4Ms), defined as 4Ms=[(4Ms at 20 C.)(4Ms at 120 C.)]/(4Ms at 20 C.), is less than about 0.35.

Materials, devices and methods related to below-resonance radio-frequency (RF) circulators and isolators. In some embodiments, a circulator can include a conductor having a plurality of signal ports, and one or more magnets configured to provide a magnetic field. The circulator can further include one or more ferrite disks implemented relative to the conductor and the one or more magnets so that an RF signal can be routed selectively among the signal ports due to the magnetic field. Each of the one or more ferrite disks can include synthetic garnet material having dodecahedral sites, octahedral sites and tetrahedral sites, with bismuth (Bi) occupying at least some of the dodecahedral sites, and aluminum (Al) occupying at least some of the tetrahedral sites. Such synthetic garnet material can be represented by a formula Y.sub.3-x-2yzBi.sub.xCa.sub.2y+zFe.sub.5-y-z-aV.sub.yZr.sub.zAl.sub.aO.sub.12. In some embodiments, x1.4, y0.7, z0.7, and a0.75.

A light-transmitting bismuth-substituted rare-earth iron garnet-type calcined body expressed by R.sub.3-xBi.sub.xYe.sub.5O.sub.12 and having an average crystal particle diameter of 0.3-10 micrometers, and a magneto-optical device using said calcined body; wherein R is at least one kind of elements selected from a group consisting of Y and lanthanoids, and x is a number from 0.5 to 2.5.

The present invention relates to a method of preparation of a garnet-type inorganic material. It also relates to the garnet-type inorganic material itself. The process comprises the following steps: (1) bringing an aqueous solution S comprising (i) a salt of zirconium, (ii) a salt of lanthanum and (iii) a salt of the element A or a precursor of an oxide of element A into contact with an aqueous solution of a basic compound, as a result of which a precipitate suspended in the reaction medium is obtained; (2) stirring the reaction medium obtained at the end of step (1) for at least 30 min; (3) bringing the precipitate obtained at the end of step (2) into contact with an additive selected in the group consisting of: anionic surfactants; nonionic surfactants; polyethylene glycols; carboxylic acids and their salts; and surfactants of the carboxymethylated fatty alcohol ethoxylate type; (4) calcining in air the precipitate recovered at the end of the previous step at a temperature which is at least 400 C.; (5) bringing into contact the product obtained at the end of step (4) with a salt of lithium; (6) calcining in air the product obtained at the end of step (5) at a temperature between 700 C. and 1100 C.; 20 the inorganic compound M comprising or consisting essentially of a garnet oxide or garnet-type oxide containing, as constituent elements, the elements Li, La, Zr and at least one element A selected in the group consisting of Al, Ga, Nb, Fe, W, Ta, or a mixture thereof.

A single-crystalline LnBM.sub.2O.sub.5+ or LnBM.sub.2O.sub.5.5+ compound is provided, which includes an ordered oxygen vacancy structure; wherein Ln is a lanthanide, B is an alkali earth metal, M is a transition metal, O is oxygen, and 01. Methods of making and using the compound, and devices and compositions including same are also provided.

Disclosed herein are ceramic materials, such as bismuth substituted garnets, which can have high curie temperatures and high dielectric constants. In certain implementations, indium can be incorporated into the ceramic to improve certain properties and to avoid calcium compensation. The ceramic materials disclosed herein can be particular advantageous for below resonance applications.

In an aspect, an M-type ferrite comprises an element Me comprising at least one of Ba, Sr, or Pb; an element Me comprising at least one of Ti, Zr, Ru, or Ir; and an element Me comprising at least one of In or Sc. In another aspect, a method of making the M-type ferrite can comprise milling ferrite precursor compounds comprising oxides of at least Co, Fe, Me, Me, and Me to form an oxide mixture; wherein Me comprises at least one of Ba, Sr, or Pb; Me is at least one of Ti, Zr, Ru, or Ir; and Me is at least one of In or Sc; and calcining the oxide mixture in an oxygen or air atmosphere to form the ferrite.

A security ink composition comprising at least one non-luminescent undoped Y.sub.3Fe.sub.5xM.sub.xO.sub.12-based pigment, wherein x fulfils the condition 0x1.25; M is selected from a group consisting of aluminum, gallium or calcium and mixtures thereof, and wherein an applied, preferably printed, at least one machine-readable security feature derived from said security ink composition, after drying and/or curing, has an integrated magnetic susceptibility of at least about 20010.sup.12m.sup.3 and presents a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) signature for authentication purposes. A method for authentication of a machine-readable security feature derived from the security ink composition.