A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, including secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles capable of being doped and undoped with lithium ions, said positive electrode active material having: an α-NaFeO.sub.2 type crystal structure represented by formula: Li[Li.sub.x(Ni.sub.aCo.sub.bMn.sub.cM.sub.d).sub.1-x]O.sub.2 (I), wherein 0≦x≦0.1, 0.7<a<1, 0<b<0.2, 0≦c<0.2, 0<d<0.1, a+b+c+d=1, and M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Cr, Ti, Mg, Al, Zr, Ca, Sc, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In and Sn; and a crystallite size α/crystallite size β ratio (α/β) of 1.60 to 2.40, wherein the crystallite size α is within a peak region of 2θ=18.7±1° and the crystallite size β is within a peak region of 2θ=44.4±1°, each determined by a powder X-ray diffraction measurement using Cu-Kα radiation.

The present disclosure relates to a patternable process for coating functional and adherent graphene-like carbon on multiple substrate types using CO.sub.2 laser-induced photothermal pyrolysis in scanning mode. The poly furfuryl alcohol (PFA) synthesised via low-temperature polymerisation of furfuryl alcohol precursor without any additives was used to form graphene-like carbon material.

[Object] Provided is a means which is capable, with respect to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, of suppressing a decrease in capacity when the battery is used for a long period of time, and improving cycle characteristics. [Solving Means] Disclosed is a positive electrode active substance for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a composite oxide containing lithium and nickel, in which the positive electrode active substance has a structure of secondary particles formed by aggregation of primary particles, the average particle diameter of the primary particles (D1) is 0.9 μm or less, and the ratio value (D2/D1)) of the average particle diameter of the secondary particles (D2) to the average particle diameter of the primary particles (D1) is 11 or more. [Representative Drawing] None

A solid electrolyte includes a compound having an argyrodite crystal structure represented by Formula 1,
Li.sub.aM.sub.xPS.sub.bBr.sub.cX.sub.d.  Formula 1
wherein Formula 1, M is Na, K, Fe, Mg, Ca, Ag, Cu, Zr, Zn, or a combination thereof; X is Cl, I, or a combination thereof; and 0≤x<1, 5≤(a+x)<7, 5≤a≤6, 4≤b≤6, 0<(c+d)≤2, and (c/d)>4.

The present invention makes a lithium ion secondary cell exhibit high capacity when lithium manganese phosphate is used as the active material of the lithium ion secondary cell. The present invention is directed to lithium manganese phosphate nanoparticles having a ratio I.sub.20/I.sub.29 of the peak intensity at 20° to the peak intensity at 29° obtained by X-ray diffraction of greater than or equal to 0.88 and less than or equal to 1.05, and a crystallite size determined by X-ray diffraction of greater than or equal to 10 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm.

This positive electrode material comprises a lithium transition metal complex oxide which contains at least 80 mol % Ni in terms of the total mol number of metal elements excluding Li, and which has a total Co content of less than 5 mol %. The lithium transition metal complex oxide is formed as secondary particles obtained by aggregating primary particles, wherein at least one element A selected from Ca and Sr is present on the surface of the primary particles in the amount of 0.01-1 mol %, inclusive, in terms of the total mol number of the metal elements excluding Li. In addition, at least one element B selected from B, Zr, W, Al, Nb, Mo, and Ti is present on the surface of the secondary particles in the amount of 0.05-2 mol %, inclusive, in terms of the total mol number of the Ni in the complex oxide.

A process for producing a lithium-manganese-nickel oxide spinel material includes maintaining a solution comprising a dissolved lithium compound, a dissolved manganese compound, a dissolved nickel compound, a hydroxycarboxylic acid, a polyhydroxy alcohol, and, optionally, an additional metallic compound, at an elevated temperature T.sub.1, where T.sub.1 is below the boiling point of the solution, until the solution gels. The gel is maintained at an elevated temperature until it ignites and burns to form a Li—Mn—Ni—O powder. The Li—Mn—Ni—O powder is calcined to burn off carbon and/or other impurities present in the powder. The resultant calcined powder is optionally subjected 1 to microwave treatment, to obtain a treated powder, which is annealed to crystallize the powder. The resultant annealed material is optionally subjected to microwave treatment. At least one of the microwave treatments is carried out. The lithium-manganese-nickel oxide spinel material is thereby obtained.

Various lithium cobalt oxides materials doped with one or more metal dopants having a chemical formula of Li.sub.xCo.sub.yO.sub.z (doped Me1.sub.a Me2.sub.b Me3.sub.c . . . MeN.sub.n), and method and apparatus of producing the various lithium cobalt oxides materials are provided. The method includes adjusting a molar ratio M.sub.LiSalt:M.sub.CoSalt:M.sub.Me1Salt:M.sub.Me2Salt:M.sub.Me3Salt:. . . M.sub.MeNSalt of a lithium-containing salt, a cobalt-containing salt and one or more metal-dopant-containing salts within a liquid mixture to be equivalent to a ratio of x:y:a:b:c: . . . n , drying a mist of the liquid mixture in the presence of a gas to form a gas-solid mixture, separating the gas-solid mixture into one or more solid particles of an oxide material, and annealing the solid particles of the oxide material in the presence of another gas flow to obtain crystalized particles of the lithium cobalt oxide material. The process system has a mist generator, a drying chamber, one or more gas-solid separator, and one or more reactors.

A new family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:

R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sup.+.sub.mM.sup.2+.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z

where A is an alkali metal cation, R is at least one quaternary organoammonium cation, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. This family of high charge density metallophosphate materials are among the first metalloalumino(gallo)phosphate-type molecular sieves to be stabilized by combinations of alkali and quaternary organoammonium cations, enabling unique compositions. This family of high charge density metallophosphate molecular sieves has catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

A family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves designated PST-16 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:

R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sub.m.sup.+M.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z

where A is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as ethyltrimethylammonium, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The PST-16 family of molecular sieves are stabilized by combinations of alkali and organoammonium cations, enabling unique metalloalumino(gallo)phosphate compositions and exhibit the CGS topology. The PST-17 family of molecular sieves has catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.