A thin film structure including a dielectric material layer and an electronic device to which the thin film structure is applied are provided. The dielectric material layer includes a compound expressed by ABO.sub.3, wherein at least one of A and B in ABO.sub.3 is substituted and doped with another atom having a larger atom radius, and ABO.sub.3 becomes A.sub.1-xA′.sub.xB.sub.1-yB′.sub.yO.sub.3 (where x>=0, y>=0, at least one of x and y≠0, a dopant A′ has an atom radius greater than A and/or a dopant B′ has an atom radius greater than B) through substitution and doping. A dielectric material property of the dielectric material layer varies according to a type of a substituted and doped dopant and a substitution doping concentration.

A method for producing a sulfide solid electrolyte includes: preparing a uniform solution that includes at least elemental lithium (Li), elemental tin (Sn), elemental phosphorus (P), and elemental sulfur (S) in an organic solvent; removing the organic solvent from the uniform solution to obtain a precursor; and heat-treating the precursor to obtain a sulfide solid electrolyte.

An electromagnetic wave absorbing particle dispersion includes electromagnetic wave absorbing particles containing cesium tungsten oxide represented by a general formula Cs.sub.xW.sub.1-yO.sub.3-z and having a crystal structure of an orthorhombic crystal structure or a hexagonal crystal structure, x, y, and z being 0.2≤x≤0.4, 0<y≤0.4, and 0<z≤0.46; and a solid medium. The electromagnetic wave absorbing particles are dispersed in the solid medium.

The present disclosure generally relates to compositions comprising substrate-free crystalline 2D bismuthene, and the method of making and using the substrate-free crystalline 2D bismuthene.

The present invention relates to a surface-modified particulate lithium nickel oxide material. The invention also relates to a process of preparing a particulate lithium nickel oxide material. Further aspects of the invention include a cathode comprising the particulate lithium nickel oxide material, a lithium secondary cell or battery comprising such a cathode, and the use of the particulate lithium nickel oxide to improve the capacity retention of a lithium secondary cell or battery.

A composite electrode active material is described herein, which comprises two or more electrode active materials blended or structurally-integrated together, in one of the materials is a lithiated spinel selected from the group consisting of (a) a lithiated spinel of formula LiMn.sub.xNi.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.2; wherein M comprises at least one metal cation other than manganese and nickel cations; x+y+z=1; 0<x<1.0; 0<y<1.0; 0≤z≤0.5; and the ratio of x:y is in the range of about 1:2 to about 2:1; and (b) a lithiated spinel of formula LiM.sup.1O.sub.2, wherein M.sup.1 comprises a combination of Mn and Ni transition metal ions in a ratio of Mn to Ni ions of about 2:1 to about 1:1.

Provided is a novel solid electrolyte material of high density and high ionic conductivity, and an all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery that utilizes the solid electrolyte material. The solid electrolyte material has a chemical composition represented by Li.sub.7-3xGa.sub.xLa.sub.3Zr.sub.2O.sub.12 (0.08≤x<0.5), has a relative density of 99% or higher, belongs to space group I-43d, in the cubic system, and has a garnet-type structure. The lithium ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte material is 2.0×10.sup.−3 S/cm or higher. The solid electrolyte material has a lattice constant a such that 1.29 nm≤a≤1.30 nm, and lithium ions occupy the 12a site, the 12b site and two types of 48e site, and gallium occupies the 12a site and the 12b site, in the crystal structure. The all-solid-state lithium ion secondary battery has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is made up of the solid electrolyte material of the present invention.

A method for separating a transition metal from a waste positive electrode material includes step 1 of preparing a waste positive electrode material represented by Formula 1, step 2 of heat treating the waste positive electrode material in an inert gas atmosphere or an oxygen atmosphere to phase separate the waste positive electrode material into a lithium oxide and a metal oxide, step 3 of cooling an obtained product of step 2 to room temperature in an inert atmosphere, and step 4 of mixing a cooled product cooled to room temperature in step 3 with distilled water, and then filtering the mixture to leach a transition metal.

A luminophore may have the general formula A.sub.2EZ.sub.zX.sub.x:RE,

where: A is selected from the group of the monovalent elements; E is selected from the group of the tetravalent, pentavalent, or hexavalent elements; Z is selected from the group of the divalent elements; X is selected from the group of the monovalent elements; RE is selected from activator elements; 2+e=2z+x, with the charge number e of the element E; and x+z=5 and z>0.

A process is also disclosed that is directed to producing the luminophore and a corresponding radiation-emitting component.

A seed layer for inducing nucleation to form a layer of material is described. In an embodiment, the seed layer comprising a layer of two-dimensional monolayer amorphous material having a disordered atomic structure adapted to create localised electronic states to form electric potential wells for bonding adatoms to a surface of the seed layer via van der Waals interaction to form the layer of material, wherein each of the electric potential wells has a potential energy larger in magnitude than surrounding thermal energy to capture adatoms on the surface of the seed layer. Embodiments in relation to a method for forming the seed layer, a heterostructure comprising the seed layer, a method for forming the heterostructure comprising the seed layer, a device comprising the heterostructure and a method of enhancing vdW interaction between adatoms and a surface of the seed layer are also described.