Disclosed is a lithium complex oxide and method of manufacturing the same, more particularly, a lithium complex oxide effective in improving the characteristics of capacity, resistance, and lifetime with reduced residual lithium and with different interplanar distances of crystalline structure between a primary particle locating in an internal part of secondary particle and a primary particle locating on the surface part of the secondary particle, and a method of preparing the same.

Disclosed herein are dendritically porous three-dimensional structures, including hierarchical dendritically porous three-dimensional structures. The structures include metal foams and graphite structures, and are useful in energy storage devices as well as chemical catalysis.

A positive electrode active material in which a discharge capacity decrease due to charge and discharge cycles is suppressed and a secondary battery including the positive electrode active material are provided. A positive electrode active material in which a change in a crystal structure, e.g., a shift in CoO.sub.2 layers is small between a discharged state and a high-voltage charged state is provided. For example, a positive electrode active material that has a layered rock-salt crystal structure belonging to the space group R-3m in a discharged state and a crystal structure belonging to the space group P2/m in a charged state where x in Li.sub.xCoO.sub.2 is greater than 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.24 is provided. When the positive electrode active material is analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, a diffraction pattern has at least diffraction peaks at 2θ of 19.47±0.10° and 2θ of 45.62±0.05°.

The present invention generally relates to a method for preparing metal oxide nanosheets. In a preferred embodiment, graphene oxide (GO) or graphite oxide is employed as a template or structure directing agent for the formation of the metal oxide nanosheets, wherein the template is mixed with metal oxide precursor to form a metal oxide precursor-bonded template. Subsequently, the metal oxide precursor-bonded template is calcined to form the metal oxide nanosheets. The present invention also relates to a lithium-ion battery anode comprising the metal oxide nanosheets. In a further preferred embodiment, the battery anode may comprise a reduced template, which is reduced graphene oxide (rGO) or reduced graphite oxide.

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbonaceous material suitable for a negative electrode active material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries (e.g., lithium ion secondary batteries, sodium ion secondary batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, lithium air batteries) having high charge/discharge capacities and preferably high charge/discharge efficiency as well as low resistance, a negative electrode comprising the carbonaceous material, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising the negative electrode, and a production method of the carbonaceous material. The present invention relates to a carbonaceous material having a nitrogen element content of 1.0 mass % or more and an oxygen content of 1.5 mass % or less obtained by elemental analysis, a ratio of nitrogen element content and hydrogen element content (R.sub.N/H) of 6 or more and 100 or less, a ratio of oxygen element content and nitrogen element content (R.sub.O/N) of 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, and a carbon interplanar spacing (d.sub.002) observed by X-ray diffraction measurement of 3.70 Å or more.

A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a lithium nickel-based composite oxide including a secondary particle in which a plurality of plate-shaped primary particles are agglomerated; and a lithium manganese composite oxide having at least two crystal lattice structures, wherein the secondary particle has a regular array structure in which (003) planes of the primary particles are oriented in a vertical direction with respect to the surface of the secondary particle.

The present disclosure relates to tungsten oxide composition. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to mesoporous tungsten oxide composition that is active for multiple reactions, including aromatic alkylation, alkene coupling, alkene cyclization, alkyne oxidation, alcohol dehydrogenation reactions.

A slurry containing abrasive grains and a liquid medium, in which the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, the second particles contain a cerium compound, and in a case where a content of the abrasive grains is 2.0% by mass, a BET specific surface area of a solid phase obtained when the slurry is subjected to centrifugal separation for 30 minutes at a centrifugal acceleration of 1.1×10.sup.4 G is 24 m.sup.2/g or more.

A novel material and a transistor including the novel material are provided. One embodiment of the present invention is a composite oxide including at least two regions. One of the regions includes In, Zn and an element M1 (the element M1 is one or more of Al, Ga, Si, B, Y, Ti, Fe, Ni, Ge, Zr, Mo, La, Ce, Nd, Hf, Ta, W, Mg, V, Be, and Cu) and the other of the regions includes In, Zn, and an element M2 (the element M2 is one or more of Al, Ga, Si, B, Y, Ti, Fe, Ni, Ge, Zr, Mo, La, Ce, Nd, Hf, Ta, W, Mg, V, Be, and Cu). In an analysis of the composite oxide by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the detected concentration of the element M1 in a first region is less than the detected concentration of the element M2 in a second region, and a surrounding portion of the first region is unclear in an observed mapping image of the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

A plate-like alumina particle, in which a ratio I (006)/I (113) of a peak intensity 1(006) at 20=41.6±0.3 degrees which corresponds to a (006) face to a peak intensity I(113) at 20=43.3±0.3 degrees which corresponds to a (113) face of diffraction peaks obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement using a Cu—Kα ray, is 0.2 or more. A method for manufacturing the plate-like alumina particle including mixing an aluminum compound including an aluminum element, a molybdenum compound including a molybdenum element, and a shape-controlling agent to produce a mixture and firing the mixture.