A colloid comprising a plurality of nanocrystals, each nanocrystal comprising rubidium, a group 11 element of the Periodic Table of Elements such as copper, silver or gold, and a halogen. A method for preparing said colloid via a room temperature ligand assisted re-precipitation (LAPP) method, wherein the ligand is an acidic ligand such as oleic acid. The precursor solution is formed in a polar organic solvent such as DMSO or DMF, and the precursor solution is contacted with a non-polar organic solvent and said ligand to precipitate the nanocrystals. A polymer comprising a plurality of nanocrystals, each nanocrystal having a particle size in the range of 1 nm to 50 nm; and a use of said colloid in optoelectronic devices, etc. are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to the new process of preparation of a Li-rich layered oxide based on Mn and optionally on Ni and/or Co in which F is incorporated within the crystal of the oxide (or fluorinated oxide). It also relates to the new fluorinated oxide its use as a component in a cathode of a battery.

A nanoparticle of a decomposition product of a transition metal aluminum hydride compound, a transition metal borohydride compound, or a transition metal gallium hydride compound. A process of: reacting a transition metal salt with an aluminum hydride compound, a borohydride compound, or a gallium hydride compound to produce one or more of the nanoparticles. The reaction occurs in solution while being sonicated at a temperature at which the metal hydride compound decomposes. A process of: reacting a nanoparticle with a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups to form a coating having multi-dentate metal-alkoxides.

Provided is a hydrophobic silica powder that can be obtained by the sol-gel process, and that is excellent in charge properties. The hydrophobic silica powder has a hydrophobicity of 50% or more, a saturated water content of 4% or less, and a nitrogen content of 0.05% or more.

Methods for preparing a layered metal nanocomposite and a layered metal nanocomposite. The method includes mixing a magnesium salt and a aluminum salt to form a Mg.sup.2+/Al.sup.3+ solution. The Mg/Al has a molar ratio of between 0.5:1 to 6:1. Then a diamondoid compound is added to the Mg.sup.2+/Al.sup.3+ solution to form a reactant mixture. The diamondoid compound has at least one carboxylic acid moiety. The reactant mixture is heated at a reaction temperature for a reaction time to form a Mg/Al-diamondoid intercalated layered double hydroxide. The Mg/Al-diamondoid intercalated layered double hydroxide is thermally decomposed under a reducing atmosphere for a decomposition time at a decomposition temperature to form the layered metal nanocomposite.

A method is provided for manufacturing a nanoparticle material having an ionic conductivity as a battery material for Fluoride ion Batteries, thus, being capable for overcoming high resistances at the surfaces, grain-boundaries of nanoparticles or compartments of the nanoparticles by a material treatment selected from: (i) a ball-mill procedure under aerosol and/or vapour-pressure atmosphere, (ii) excess-synthesis, (iii) ball-milling with surface stabilizing and conductivity enhancing solid or/and gel/liquid additives or (iv) functionalizing the material to obtain functionalized nanoparticles (GSNP) comprising a dispersion of graphene, nanotubes and/or a further additive selected from carbon-black, graphite, Si and/or CF.sub.X, Herein, fluorides (Em.sub.mF.sub.h), fluorides composites (Em1.sub.m1Em2.sub.m2 . . . F.sub.h1) are synthesized, wherein a first metal, metalloid or non-metal Em or Em1 and a second metal, metalloid or non-metal Em2 are dissimilarly selected from various elements in a manner that a battery material having an increased ionic conductivity is obtained.

A system and method for producing commercial strength solutions of aluminum chlorohydrate are provided. The method includes providing aluminum chlorohydrate monohydrate (ACHMH) powder, heating water to at least 120 F. and less than 200 F., and dissolving at least a portion of the ACHMH powder into the heated water to form the solution of aluminum chlorohydrate. The produced solution of aluminum chlorohydrate from the ACHMH powder has an aluminum oxide concentration ranging from about 18 wt % to about 27 wt %, has a basicity ranging from greater than 74% and less than 83%, and has a freezing point ranging from about 10 F. to about 16 F. The solution may also have an iron content of between about 0 to about 70 ppm as Fe.

The present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable lithium battery including same, wherein the positive electrode active material comprises a core and a surface layer formed on the surface of the core, the core comprising a first crystalline structure, the surface layer comprising a first crystalline structure and a second crystalline structure different from the first crystalline structure, the first crystalline structure being present more than the second crystalline structure in the surface layer.

Provided is a method for producing zeolite having a controlled aluminum content, wherein the sodium hydroxide molar concentration of a zeolite synthesis mixture can be adjusted to adjust the aluminum content in synthesized CHA. The structure of the low aluminum-content CHA produced by the provided method does not collapse even after high-temperature hydrothermal treatment, and thus the catalytic activity of the CHA can be maintained. Moreover, by adjusting the aluminum content in the framework, the properties of the produced CHA significantly change, and thus the CHA can be applied to various fields.

A method for producing a sulfide solid electrolyte comprising an argyrodite-type crystal structure, wherein phosphorus sulfide having a phosphorus content of 28.3 mass % or less and containing free sulfur is used as the raw material.