Provided are solid-state electrolyte structures. The solid-state electrolyte structures are ion-conducting materials. The solid-state electrolyte structures may be formed by 3-D printing using 3-D printable compositions. 3-D printable compositions may include ion-conducting materials and at least one dispersant, a binder, a plasticizer, or a solvent or any combination of one or more dispersant, binder, plasticizer, or solvent. The solid-state electrolyte structures can be used in electrochemical devices.

High-surface area carbon nanotubes having targeted, or selective, species of oxygen containing species levels, types and/or content on either or both of the interior and exterior of the tube walls are claimed. Such carbon nanotubes can have little to none inner tube surface oxygen containing species, or differing amounts and/or types of oxygen containing species between the tubes' inner and outer surfaces or amongst the carbon nanotubes. Additionally, such high-surface area carbon nanotubes or their assemblages may have greater lengths and diameters, creating useful mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties.

The disclosure provides for crystalline graphene nanoribbon-covalent organic frameworks (GNR-COFs) that have a two-dimensional (2D) sheet or film morphology, methods of making thereof, and uses thereof.

In general, the present disclosure is directed to methods for synthesizing vanadium oxide nanobelts, as well as the corresponding chemical composition of the vanadium oxide nanobelts. Also described are materials which can incorporate the vanadium oxide nanobelts, such as including the vanadium oxide nanobelts as a cathode material for use in energy storage applications (e.g., batteries). The vanadium oxide nanobelts described herein display structural characteristics that may provide improved diffusion and/or charge transfer between ions. Thus, batteries incorporating implementations of the current disclosure may demonstrate improved properties such as higher capacity retention over charge discharge cycling.

Silver powder includes multiple particles 2 containing silver as a main component. A ratio of the number of particles 2 which are flake-like and each of which has a monocrystalline structure and has a largest plane that is a lattice plane (111), to the total number of particles, is not less than 95%. The silver powder is water-dispersible. In the silver powder, a median size D50 is not less than 0.1 m and not greater than 10 m, a standard deviation of particle sizes is not greater than 5 m, an average thickness Tave is not greater than 300 nm, and an aspect ratio (D50/Tave) is not less than 4.

Disclosed herein are graphene coatings characterized by a porous, three-dimensional, spherical structure having a hollow core, along with methods for forming such graphene coatings on glasses, glass-ceramics, ceramics, and crystalline materials. Such coatings can be further coated with organic or inorganic layers and are useful in chemical and electronic applications.

A phosphor having a main crystal phase having a crystal structure identical to that of CaAlSiN.sub.3, and including a Ca element partially replaced with an Eu element, wherein the phosphor has a median size d50 of 12.0 m or more and 22.0 m or less, as measured according to a laser diffraction scattering method, and has a specific surface area of 1.50 m.sup.2/g or more and 10.00 m.sup.2/g or less, as measured according to a BET method.

The disclosure provides for crystalline graphene nanoribbon-covalent organic frameworks (GNR-COFs) that have a two-dimensional (2D) sheet or film morphology, methods of making thereof, and uses thereof.

Described herein are processes for preparation of a carbon foam material, the processes including the steps of heating in a microwave heating apparatus a mixture including a coal material and at least one additional agent. The additional agent can be a flux agent such a carbohydrate syrup, a secondary flux agent, a lignocellulosic waste material, a conductive carbon compound, a solvent, and combinations thereof. Also described are processes for calcining a carbon foam material in a furnace, a microwave heating apparatus, or an inductive field heater. The described calcining process can impart electrical conductivity and mechanical strength to carbon foams. Also described are carbon foam materials, calcined carbon foams, and composite materials. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

The present disclosure relates a method of purifying diamond by removing carbon contaminants from diamond grains in the diamond by a plasma cleaning process at a temperature at which metal inclusion contaminants in the diamond grains crack the diamond grains from within, and removing metal contaminants from the diamond in a chemical or electrochemical cleaning process.