A process for producing a material in the form of nanosheets by ball milling of crystals of the material, wherein the ball milling takes place in the presence of a reactive gas.

The preparation method according to the present disclosure is to easily prepare hexagonal molybdenum oxide (h-MoO.sub.3) having a nanorod shape even in a low temperature precipitation reaction at atmospheric pressure without applying hydrothermal synthesis under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The hexagonal molybdenum oxide (h-MoO.sub.3) nanorods prepared therefrom can be properly mixed with carbon-based conductive materials such as carbon nanofiber, and thus can be usefully used as an anode material for a pseudocapacitor.

Compounds, particles, and cathode active materials that can be used in lithium ion batteries are described herein. Methods of making such compounds, powders, and cathode active materials are described. The particles have a particle size distribution with a D50 ranging from 10 μm to 20 μm.

An organically modified metal oxide nanoparticle includes a core, a first modification group, and a second modification group. The core includes a plurality of metal atoms and a plurality of oxygen atoms bonded to the plurality of metal atoms. The first modification group is a saturated carboxylic acid/carboxylate ligand coordinated to the core. The second modification group is coordinated to the core, and is an inorganic anion having a smaller size than the first modification group and/or a saturated carboxylic acid/carboxylate ligand having a smaller molecular weight than the first modification group.

A copper oxide crystallite having an average particle size that is greater than or equal to 5 nm and less than or equal to 15 nm, a ratio of (−111)/(111) greater than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5, and a blackness My greater than or equal to 130 and less than or equal to 170. The copper oxide crystallite has a reflectivity in the visible spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that is less than or equal to 10.0%, and a reflectivity in the near-IR and LiDAR spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that is greater than or equal to 10%.

A prussian blue analog having a core-shell structure, which has a core and a cladding layer that dads the core, wherein

the chemical formula of the core is the following Formula 1,

Na.sub.xP[R(CN).sub.6].sub.δ.zH.sub.2O and the chemical formula of the cladding layer is the following Formula 2, A.sub.yL[M(CN).sub.6].sub.α.wH.sub.2O is described. The prussian blue analog has good storage stability, and thus can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost at the subsequent battery cell level. A method for preparing the prussian blue analog having a core-shell structure, as well as a sodium-ion secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack and a powered device comprising the same are described.

Methods of synthesis of mesoporous silica are disclosed. The mesoporous silica synthesized herein, like SBA-15, possesses a two-dimensional, hexagonal, through-hole structure with a space group p6mm. An effective quantity of one or more thermally expandable microcells are used during synthesis to impart distinct characteristics.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to lithium-ion batteries. In one aspect, a method includes synthesizing an intermediate selected from a group of a nickel-manganese-cobalt nitrate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt acetate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt sulfate, a nickel-manganese-cobalt chloride, and a nickel-manganese-cobalt phosphate. The intermediate is mixed with a lithium salt selected from a group of LiOH, LiCl, LiNO.sub.3, LiSO.sub.4, LiF, LiBr, Li.sub.3PO.sub.4, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3, and combinations thereof to form a mixture. The mixture is annealed at a sequence of temperatures and times to form a plurality of single crystals of a lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide, with no cooling of the mixture between operations of the sequence of temperatures and times.

Provided is a particulate phosphor including a single crystal having a composition represented by a compositional formula (Y.sub.1-x-y-zLu.sub.xGd.sub.yCe.sub.z).sub.3+aAl.sub.5−aO.sub.12 (0≤x≤0.9994, 0≤y≤0.0669, 0.001≤z≤0.004, −0.016≤a≤0.315) and a particle diameter (D50) of not less than 20 μm. Also provided is a light-emitting device including a phosphor-including member that includes the phosphor and a sealing member including a transparent inorganic material sealing the phosphor or a binder including an inorganic material binding particles of the phosphor, and a light-emitting element that emits a blue light for exciting the phosphor.

This invention provides a method for efficiently separating magnesium and lithium from salt lake brine, and simultaneously preparing high-purity magnesium oxide and battery-grade lithium carbonate. The detailed processing steps are as follows: (1) adding urea into the brine to dissolve, (2) placing the solution into the reactor for hydrothermal reaction, the magnesium ion will precipitate and enter the solid phase; (3) filtering and drying the production to get the magnesium carbonate solid, while the lithium ion remains in the liquid phase; (4) after directly concentration and precipitation, the battery-grade lithium carbonate can be obtained, while the calcination of solid-phase product results in the high-purity magnesium oxide. In this method, urea is used as the precipitant to separate magnesium and lithium in salt lake without introducing any new metal ion, and the brine solution is not diluted. The solid product is white and fluffy powder, which is easy to filter and separate. The extraction rate of lithium is high than 94%, and the purity of MgO obtained by calcination is higher than 99.5%.