A modified Y-type molecular sieve has a rare earth oxide content of about 4% to about 12% by weight, a phosphorus content of about 0% to about 10% by weight, a sodium oxide content of no more than about 1.0% by weight, a total pore volume of about 0.36 to 0.48 mL/g, a percentage of the pore volume of secondary pores to the total pore volume of about 20% to about 40%, a lattice constant of about 2.440 nm to about 2.455 nm, a percentage of the non-framework aluminum content to the total aluminum content of no more than about 10%, a lattice collapse temperature of not lower than about 1060 C., and a ratio of B acid to L acid of no less than about 3.50. The preparation of the molecular sieve includes ion-exchange with rare earth, hydrothermal roasting, gas phase ultra-stabilization, acid treatment, and an optional phosphorus modification.

The present disclosure discloses a high-safety ternary positive electrode material and a method for preparing the same; wherein the ternary positive electrode material has a chemical composition of Li.sub.a(Ni.sub.xCo.sub.yMn.sub.1-x-y).sub.1-bMbO.sub.2-cA.sub.c, wherein 0.75?a?1.2, 0.75?x<1, 0<y?0.15, 1?x?y>0, 0?b?0.01, 0?c?0.2, M is one or more selected from the group consisting of Al, Zr, Ti, Y, Sr, W and Mg, and A is one or more selected from the group consisting of S, F and N; and C.sub.Mn?(1?x?y)?0.07; C.sub.Co?y?0.05; 0?[C.sub.Mn?(1?x?y)]/(C.sub.Co?y)?2.0. The ternary positive electrode material of the present disclosure is a high-nickel single crystal material with gradient concentration; it has the advantages of high capacity and high thermal stability, and the preparation method is simple, and is suitable for large-scale production.

The present disclosure provides an aerogel composition which is intrinsically hydrophobic without surface modification by a hydrophobizing agent, is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which also has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Also provided is a method of preparing an aerogel composition which is intrinsically hydrophobic without surface modification by a hydrophobizing agent, is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which has favorable combustion and self-heating properties.

The present disclosure provides an aerogel composition which is intrinsically hydrophobic without surface modification by a hydrophobizing agent, is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which also has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Also provided is a method of preparing an aerogel composition which is intrinsically hydrophobic without surface modification by a hydrophobizing agent, is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which has favorable combustion and self-heating properties.

A magnesium modified Y-type molecular sieve has a rare earth oxide content of about 4% to about 11% by weight, a magnesium oxide content of about 0.1% to about 4% by weight, a sodium oxide content of about 0.3% to about 0.8% by weight, a total pore volume of about 0.33 mL/g to about 0.39 mL/g, a percentage of the pore volume of secondary pores having a pore size of 2-100 nm to the total pore volume of the modified Y-type molecular sieve of about 10% to about 30%, a lattice constant of about 2.440 nm to about 2.455 nm, a percentage of non-framework aluminum content to the total aluminum content of the modified Y-type molecular sieve of no more than about 20%, and a lattice collapse temperature of not lower than about 1045 C.

The present invention discloses a method for fabricating a titanium-containing silicon oxide material with high thermal stability and applications of the same, wherein a titanium source, a silicon source, an alkaline source, a template molecule and a peroxide are formulated into an aqueous solution; the aqueous solution reacts to generate a solid product; the solid product is separated from the aqueous solution with a solid-liquid separation process and dried; the solid product is calcined to obtain a titanium-containing silicon oxide material with high specific surface area. The titanium-containing silicon oxide material fabricated by the present invention has high thermal stability. Therefore, it still possesses superior catalytic activity after calcination. The titanium-containing silicon oxide material can be used to catalyze epoxidation of olefin and is very useful in epoxide production.

Provided is a calcium carbonate filler for resins that has uniform particles, high dispersibility and thermal stability, and, in particular, excellent smoothness, peelability, resistance to detachment, and the like and is useful as an antiblocking material. The calcium carbonate filler for resins includes calcium carbonate particles and satisfies formulae (a) to (e) below: (a) 1.0Sw12.0 (m.sup.2/g); (b) 0.1Dx5.0 (m); (c) 0.1Dy5.0 (m); (d) 0.8Dy/Dx3.5; and (e) 0.1Tw0.8 (% by weight), where Sw is a BET specific surface area (m.sup.2/g); Dx is a primary particle diameter (m) expressed as a calculation formula: Dx=6/(2.7.Math.Sw); Dy is a 50% diameter (m); and Tw is a thermal weight loss (% by weight) between 100 and 300 C.

Embodiments of a microstructure that allows arrest of contaminant infiltration includes an inter layer and at least one highly reactive ceramic layer. The inter layer is not reactive to an infiltrating reactive species. The HRC layer includes materials that react with a reactive contaminant species to slow or arrest infiltration of such contaminant species.

A group of reductive 2D materials (R2D) with extended reactive vacancies and a method for making the R2D with extended reactive vacancies are provided, especially the example of the reductive boron nitride (RBN). To create defects such as vacancies, boron nitride (BN) powders are milled at cryogenic temperatures. Vacancies are produced by milling, and the vacancies can be used to reduce various metal nanostructures on RBN. Due to the thermal stability of the RBN and the enhanced catalytic performance of metal nanostructures, RBN-metals can be used for different catalysts, including electrochemical catalysts and high temperature catalysts.

The invention provides a method of making a electrocatalyst from waste tires. The method comprises the steps of providing rubber pieces; optionally contacting the rubber pieces with a sulfonation bath to produce sulfonated rubber; pyrolyzing the rubber to produce tire-derived carbon composite comprising carbon black, wherein the pyrolyzing comprises heating to at least 200 C.-2400 C.; activating the tire-derived carbon composite by contacting the tire-derived carbon composite with an alkali anion compound to provide activated tire-derived carbon supports; and loading the activated carbon-based supports with platinum cubes. In another embodiment, the tire-derived carbon composite is activated by annealing in a carbon dioxide atmosphere.