A porous carbon material composite formed of a porous carbon material and a functional material and equipped with high functionality. The porous carbon material composite is formed of (A) a porous carbon material obtainable from a plant-derived material having a silicon (Si) content of 5 wt % or higher as a raw material; and (B) a functional material adhered on the porous carbon material, and has a specific surface area of 10 m.sup.2/g or greater as determined by the nitrogen BET method and a pore volume of 0.1 cm.sup.3/g or greater as determined by the BJH method and MP method.

A filter medium of the present invention includes a porous carbon material having a value of a specific surface area by a nitrogen BET method of 1×10.sup.2 m.sup.2/g or more, a volume of fine pores by a BJH method of 0.3 cm.sup.3/g or more, and a particle size of 75 μm or more, alternatively, a porous carbon material having a value of a specific surface area by a nitrogen BET method of 1×10.sup.2 m.sup.2/g or more, a total of volumes of fine pores having a diameter of from 1×10.sup.−9 m to 5×10.sup.−7 m, obtained by a non-localized density functional theory method, of 1.0 cm.sup.3/g or more, and a particle size of 75 μm or more.

An iron-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The iron-carbon composite material includes a three-layer core-shell structure, which successively includes a porous graphite carbon outer layer, an iron carbide intermediate layer and a nano zero-valent iron core from outside to inside. The present invention wraps nano zero-valent iron in porous graphite carbon and iron carbide, which can prevent the oxidation of nano zero-valent iron, while iron carbide effectively improves the ability to fix arsenic, realizing high efficiency and long-term use of nano zero-valent iron. Iron carbide may effectively adsorb and fix arsenic, and especially efficiently oxidize As(III) to relatively low-toxic As(V).

Perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds in an effluent stream are destroyed by means of electro-oxidation. Although electro-oxidation can be used to directly treat effluent, a more efficient use is to pre-concentrate applicable pollutants with filters or sorbents. Concentrated perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds are removed from the filter or sorbent with a regenerant solution and treated by electro-oxidation. A current density of 0.5 mA/cm.sup.2 or 1 mA/cm.sup.2 effectively reduces the level of perfluorinated contaminants within 1-3 hr. using a titanium electrode. This allows both the regenerant and filter or sorbent to be reused and greatly reduces the amount of material that must be treated as hazardous waste.

Disclosed is a system and method for cooperatively treating water and gas to reduce pollutants and carbon emission. The system includes a flue gas pre-treatment unit, a wastewater pre-treatment unit, a gas-water cooperative cleaning unit, a remaining water treatment unit, and a circulating cooling evaporation unit.

A composition for remediation of soil and groundwater containing halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an elemental iron-based composition, which may include activated carbon capable of absorbing the halogenated compounds with numerous pores impregnated with elemental iron. The remediation composition further includes a first bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the halogenated compounds. The remediation composition includes an organic compound or polymeric substance and a second bioremediation material including a blend of one-to-many organisms capable of degrading the organic compound or polymeric substance over time (e.g., 20 to 365 or more days to provide a time release substrate-creating material or platform) into smaller molecules or compounds used by the organisms in the first bioremediation material while degrading the halogenated compounds. The organic compound may be a complex carbohydrate such as food grade starch, chitin, or other complex carbohydrate such as one with low water solubility.

A method of producing water supersaturated with a gas includes drawing water from a water supply; filtering the water; purifying the water; disinfecting the water and neutralizing remaining biocontaminants; filtering the water to remove the neutralized biocontaminants; mineralizing the water; supersaturating the water with nanobubbles of a gas; and storing the water. A system for producing the supersaturated water includes a filter; a purification unit connected to an outlet of the filter; an ultraviolet treatment reservoir connected to an outlet of the purification unit; a second filter connected to an outlet of the UV treatment reservoir; a minerals addition unit connected to an outlet of the second filter; and a nanobubble generator connected to an outlet of the minerals addition unit. The water can be economically supersaturated at levels higher than 120%.

A carbon fiber filter includes a center filter body and carbon fiber yarn wound around the center filter body. The center filter body is hollow and includes a water outlet. A surface of the center filter body is provided with at least one inverted triangular groove. A plurality of through holes are arranged in the groove. The through holes and the water outlet are in communication with a hollow inner cavity of the center filter body. The carbon fiber yarn is wound in the groove with a constant force to form a filter layer.

The present invention discloses a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area and preparation method and application thereof. The present invention employs maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, and hypophosphorous acid to modify a lignin, then performs a cross-linking reaction with a glutaraldehyde-triethanolamine condensate to prepare a lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, and then dropwise adding a soluble calcium salt solution and a soluble carbonate solution into the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer dispersion successively, co-precipitates to prepare a lignin/nano CaCO.sub.3 complex, finally obtains a lignin-based hierarchical porous carbon with high specific surface area through carbonizing at a high temperature. The preparation method of the present invention may enable nano CaCO.sub.3 to be uniformly and stably dispersed in a three-dimensional network structure of the lignin graft-copolymerized by phosphino carboxylic acid copolymer, realizing full and uniform complexation of the lignin with nano CaCO.sub.3.

A mobile water purification system comprises a movable trailer, a storage tank positioned within the trailer, a water filtration and treatment system positioned at least partially within the trailer, a water dispensing system positioned at least partially within the trailer. and one or more solar panels coupled to the trailer.