Methods and systems for concentrating and allowing for separation of nanoparticles from fluids use acoustically driven nanoparticle concentrators which have an aerogel as the reflecting material and include tuning capabilities to alter the location at which the particles are being concentrated.

A method for treating a liquid loaded with ingredients includes injecting the liquid into a reactor vessel such that a circular movement is imparted to the liquid and such that a concentration of the ingredients in a region of a peripheral wall of the reactor vessel increases in a direction from a reactor inlet to a reactor outlet, impinging ultrasound waves having a first intensity and/or ultraviolet radiation having a first intensity on the liquid in a first portion of the reactor vessel, and impinging ultrasound waves having a second intensity and/or ultraviolet radiation having a second intensity on the liquid in a second portion of the reactor vessel. The concentration of the ingredients in the first portion is less than the concentration of the ingredients in the second portion and the first intensity is less than the second intensity. Also a reactor vessel.

A method for treating a liquid loaded with ingredients includes injecting the liquid into a reactor vessel such that a circular movement is imparted to the liquid and such that a concentration of the ingredients in a region of a peripheral wall of the reactor vessel increases in a direction from a reactor inlet to a reactor outlet, impinging ultrasound waves having a first intensity and/or ultraviolet radiation having a first intensity on the liquid in a first portion of the reactor vessel, and impinging ultrasound waves having a second intensity and/or ultraviolet radiation having a second intensity on the liquid in a second portion of the reactor vessel. The concentration of the ingredients in the first portion is less than the concentration of the ingredients in the second portion and the first intensity is less than the second intensity. Also a reactor vessel.

An ultrasonic mixing reactor configured for mixing of plant nutrients for greater absorption using cavitation. The reactor includes a venturi nozzle fluidly connected to a nozzle device having at least one annular shaped plate comprised of a plurality of apertures constructed and arranged to create cavitation. The nozzle device is fluidly coupled to a first ultrasonic reactor having a plurality of variable frequency ultrasonic transducers mounted within the first ultrasonic reactor for generating acoustic cavitation of the bulk mixed plant nutrients. The first ultrasonic transducer is fluidly connected to a second ultrasonic reactor having a plurality of variable frequency ultrasonic transducers mounted within the second ultrasonic reactor for generating acoustic cavitation of the bulk mixed plant nutrients. The second ultrasonic reactor discharge is fluidly coupled to a plate static mixer constructed and arranged to create hydrodynamic mixing.

An ultrasonic mixing reactor configured for mixing of plant nutrients for greater absorption using cavitation. The reactor includes a venturi nozzle fluidly connected to a nozzle device having at least one annular shaped plate comprised of a plurality of apertures constructed and arranged to create cavitation. The nozzle device is fluidly coupled to a first ultrasonic reactor having a plurality of variable frequency ultrasonic transducers mounted within the first ultrasonic reactor for generating acoustic cavitation of the bulk mixed plant nutrients. The first ultrasonic transducer is fluidly connected to a second ultrasonic reactor having a plurality of variable frequency ultrasonic transducers mounted within the second ultrasonic reactor for generating acoustic cavitation of the bulk mixed plant nutrients. The second ultrasonic reactor discharge is fluidly coupled to a plate static mixer constructed and arranged to create hydrodynamic mixing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to perform fine particle agglomeration by outputting a low frequency sound wave and then remove fine particles, there is provided a method for fine particle agglomeration, the method including: an initial fine particle measuring step of generating fine particle measurement data including a pollution level of fine particles in a purification region and outputting the data to a sound source converting unit, by a fine particle measuring unit; a low frequency and sound pressure data extracting step of extracting a low frequency and sound pressure of a low frequency sound source stored in a storage to be used for agglomeration of fine particles, based on the fine particle measurement data, by the sound source converting unit; a sound source converting step of converting an output sound source into the low frequency sound source such that the low frequency sound source has the extracted low frequency and sound pressure data, by the sound source converting unit; and a fine particle agglomeration performing step of causing fine particles to agglomerate by receiving the low frequency sound source and outputting the low frequency sound source as a low frequency sound wave for agglomeration of fine particles, by a low frequency sound wave generating unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to perform fine particle agglomeration by outputting a low frequency sound wave and then remove fine particles, there is provided a method for fine particle agglomeration, the method including: an initial fine particle measuring step of generating fine particle measurement data including a pollution level of fine particles in a purification region and outputting the data to a sound source converting unit, by a fine particle measuring unit; a low frequency and sound pressure data extracting step of extracting a low frequency and sound pressure of a low frequency sound source stored in a storage to be used for agglomeration of fine particles, based on the fine particle measurement data, by the sound source converting unit; a sound source converting step of converting an output sound source into the low frequency sound source such that the low frequency sound source has the extracted low frequency and sound pressure data, by the sound source converting unit; and a fine particle agglomeration performing step of causing fine particles to agglomerate by receiving the low frequency sound source and outputting the low frequency sound source as a low frequency sound wave for agglomeration of fine particles, by a low frequency sound wave generating unit.

Energy-efficient separation of particulates from fluids is based on determining particulate mass removal as a function of applied energy. Energy-efficient ultrasonic field powers and exposure durations are applied to a particulate containing fluid, and particles removed. In some cases, ultrasonic exposures are selected that provide the maximum particulate removal per applied energy.

Energy-efficient separation of particulates from fluids is based on determining particulate mass removal as a function of applied energy. Energy-efficient ultrasonic field powers and exposure durations are applied to a particulate containing fluid, and particles removed. In some cases, ultrasonic exposures are selected that provide the maximum particulate removal per applied energy.

A liquid treatment unit removes particulate matter and colloids from a liquid, as found in waste water on mines, on construction sites and on heavy industry sites. The liquid treatment unit includes an electrocoagulation unit and a cyclonic separator unit. The liquid to be treated is first subject to electrocoagulation and then fed into the cyclonic separator unit. The cyclonic separator unit guides the electrocoagulated liquid in a circular path downwardly from an outer perimeter to move underneath a skirt and then upwardly and inwardly towards a central outlet located at the top of the cyclonic separator. Floating particles are skimmed from the surface outside of the skirt. In moving to the outlet, the liquid passes through a plurality of nested frusto-conical guide members. An ultrasonic transducer is used to collapse bubbles formed by electrocoagulation, and to clean the electrocoagulation electrodes.