There is disclosed a method of making an electrode for an electrochemical reactor including the steps of providing a template and depositing electrode material such that the electrode material is in contact with the template. This template is provided in a form that produces channels in the electrode material. There is also disclosed an electrode for an electrochemical reactor which includes electrode material and a template, with the template occupying channels in the electrode material.

A water-processing electrochemical reactor that comprises a cylindrical inner anode (73), an outer tubular cathode (74), an intermediate chamber between the anode (73) and the cathode (74) and being crossed by the water, an outer shell (77) surrounding the cathode (74), a water inlet (71) and a water outlet (78), and a gas inlet (80) and gas outlet (79) connected to the outer shell (77) and to the gas chamber. The cathode surrounds the inner anode (73) and is porous to gas. A gas chamber is defined between the cathode (74) and the outer shell (77). The gas chamber contains a gas comprising oxygen and is at an overpressure that forces the gas through the porous cathode (74).

The present disclosure relates to a biocide-generating device for outputting a biocide to a water system. The biocide-generating device includes a power circuit positioned within a housing that defines an electrolytic cell of the biocide-generating device.

An electrode includes a microporous titanium substrate coated with a catalytic layer, and the catalytic layer includes magnetic SnO.sub.2—Sb particles. The magnetic SnO.sub.2—Sb particles are attached to the microporous titanium substrate through an external magnetic field. The microporous titanium substrate includes a plurality of membrane pores having a pore size of 5-50 μm that is smaller than a particle size of the magnetic SnO.sub.2—Sb particles.

Provided is a carbon dioxide recovery device including an absorption part that produces a compound of carbon dioxide and an amine contained in an absorbing solution, and a regeneration part that includes an anode that desorbs the carbon dioxide from the compound to produce a complex compound of the amine, and a cathode that is electrically connected to the anode and regenerates the amine from the complex compound.

An illustrative expendable or reconstructable ozone generator cartridge for an aqueous ozone delivery device, for example, for antimicrobial sanitizing and/or medical treatment, includes a housing for a water ozonating manifold, at least one ozone generating cell coupled to the manifold, and optionally a data logging and authentication feature. Advantageously, a water inlet, an aqueous ozone outlet, and an electrical connector of the ozone generator cartridge are simultaneously pluggable into and unpluggable from a docking station of the aqueous ozone delivery device, for example, a hand or implement washing and sanitizing device or a medical treatment device.

An ion exchange membrane includes nanoparticulate hydrous manganese oxide, wherein, the ion exchangemembrane is selective for the passage of phosphate ion. Methods of preparing ion exchange membranes and methods of seprating phosate also are described.

Processing water regeneration equipment includes a waste liquid treatment apparatus that treats waste liquid discharged from a processing apparatus for processing a workpiece by use of processing water, and a fuel cell apparatus that causes a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity and water. The waste liquid treatment apparatus includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode disposed in a tank for reserving the waste liquid, and a hydrogen production unit that supplies electric power to the positive electrode and the negative electrode to produce hydrogen. The fuel cell apparatus causes a chemical reaction between the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit and oxygen in the air to produce electricity and water, and the electricity and water thus produced are utilized in the processing apparatus.

A method by which an environmental energy (e.g., wave energy) is harvested, converted into electrical power, and thereafter used to electrolyze seawater into hydrogen and chlorine gases. Those gases are recombined into hydrogen chloride from which is formed hydrochloric acid solution which is diluted and deposited at a depth sufficient to ensure its neutralization and sequestration for a significant period of time (e.g., for over a millennium). By removing chloride ions from a portion of the sea adjacent to its upper surface and depositing them into a portion of the sea more adjacent to its bottom, acidity is shifted from the surface to base of the sea, and the surface ocean is given a greater ability to absorb and buffer atmospheric carbon dioxide without a corresponding increase in acidity.

The present disclosure is directed to an electrodialytic stack with a concentrate stream that moves through a concentrate flow path bounded by a central ion exchange membrane and a first outer ion exchange membrane. A dilute stream moves through a dilute flow path bounded by the central ion exchange membrane and a second outer ion exchange membrane. A redox shuttle loop is separated from the concentrate and dilute streams by the first and second outer ion exchange membranes, respectively. The outer ion exchange membranes are a different type than the central ion exchange membrane. Electrodes are operable to apply a voltage across the stack. At least one collection of ion exchange materials is located in at least one of the flow paths. The ion exchange materials migrate ions between the central ion exchange membrane and at least one of the outer ion exchange membranes.